PHYL 2066 membrane transport

What do transport proteins do?

Any molecule that can’t cross the plasma membrane can use transport proteins to cross the membrane.

What is passive transport?

Passive transport doesnt require cellular energy, and will go down the concentration gradient.

What is active transport?

It requires cellular energy, and goes against the concentration gradient.

What do channels do?

Hydrophilic tunnel through the plasma membrane, which will transport small molecules such as ions. These channels can be gated which will open or close in response to a stimulus.

What are carrier proteins?

Carrier proteins will change their shape to transport solutes across the membrane. And carriers are for larger, hydrophilic molecules, which are slower and always open to one side of the membrane.

What is the difference between primary and secondary active transport?

Primary active transport directly uses ATP, whereas secondary will indirectly use ATP.

What is primary active transport?

The terminal phosphate group in ATP is transferred to the carrier, called phosphorylation, and it will cause the carrier to change shape. (Sodium, potassium pump)

What is secondary transport?

Secondary transport is the movement of a solute down its concentration gradient, which provides a driving force for the movement of a second solute against its concentration gradient. Symport, is the same direction, and antiport is in opposite directions.

What is vesicular transport?

Vesicular transport is the transport of materials between ICF and ECF within vesicles. (Fluid filled sacs enclosed by a membrane) and it requires ATP

What are the two types of vesicular transport?

Endo and exocytosis. Transport into and out of the cell respectively.