Ancient Andeans, Chavins, & Moche: Part 1

What was the general chronology for Andean region?

Pre-Ceramic Period, Formative Period, three Horizons (Early, Middle, and Late)

How did ancient Andeans feed themselves?

relied on a diet of cultivated crops like maize, potatoes, and quinoa, supplemented by meat from domesticated animals like llamas, alpacas, and guinea pigs

What sorts of domesticates did they Andes cultivate them?

llamas, alpacas, and guinea pigs, and cultivated plants including potatoes, quinoa, maize, and beans

Did Andean have beasts if burden?

llamas and alpacas

Both Mesoamerica and South America ___

developed agriculture, sophisticated calendars, and monumental architecture

What was unique to South America?

 emergence of empires like the Inca

What was unique to Mesoamerica?

 fragmented landscape of city-states like the Maya

Why was the site of chavin de Huantar important?

ceremonial and pilgrimage center for the Andean religious world

What kinds of activities took place at Chavin de Huantar

rituals, pilgrimages, and religious practices

What is lanzon and what purpose did this sculpture serve?

supernatural human-feline hybrid figure, cult object of the Chavín people

How is Chavin Horizon style characterized?

sophisticated,carved stone monuments

Where and when did the moche arise in northern Peru?

Chicama and Trujillo, from 100 to 800 AD

What is significant about the trade pyramids (or huacas in quecha) the Moche built?

signifies a sacred place, object, or being

What kinds of artifacts were made and traded widely by the Moche?

elaborately painted ceramics, goldwork, and other artifacts, including textiles, metalwork, and tools

Why is the site of Sipan significant?

it's a major archaeological site revealing the Moche culture and the "Lord of Sipán”

What happened in Sipan in the 1980s?

rich Moche burial ground was found in Huaca Rajada, with some of the finest metalwork and ceramic pieces ever seen

What was found in the tomb of the lord of Sipan?

array of gold, silver, and turquoise ornaments, ceremonial items, remains of his entourage, warriors, women, a dog, and llamas