is to be perceived by others as likable and knowledgeable
New cards
9
Which of the following bases of power is considered personal power?
referent
New cards
10
The trait definition of leadership suggests \______.
leadership occurs because of who the leader is
New cards
11
Coercive leadership is not considered ideal leadership as defined in this text because \______.
influence in leadership includes followers and leaders working toward a common goal
New cards
12
Understanding the nature of leadership has proved to be quite the challenge for practitioners and researchers because \______.
it is a highly valued phenomenon that is very complex
New cards
13
Leadership is a phenomenon that takes place in the context of the interaction between leaders and followers. This viewpoint suggests leadership is accessible by all.
process
New cards
14
You are told you need to work weekends. Your supervisor gives you a pay raise in return. What type of power is your supervisor using?
reward
New cards
15
Leaders' power to provide pay raises and promotions is \______.
reward
New cards
16
The process definition of leadership implies \______.
leadership is reciprocal between leaders and followers
New cards
17
Which approach to classifying leadership involves learnable capabilities that make leadership possible?
skills
New cards
18
The approach known as servant leadership \______.
focuses on followers needs
New cards
19
Which of the following is most accurate about leaders and followers?
leaders have an ethical responsibility to followers
New cards
20
The origins of the study of leadership can be traced back to \______.
ancient Greeks
New cards
21
Which part of the leadership definition offered in the textbook gives leadership its ethical tone?
influence
New cards
22
A process view of leadership means that \______.
anyone can learn leadership and emerge as a leader
New cards
23
The essential ingredient in leadership is \______.
influence
New cards
24
Intelligence as a leadership trait is associated with \______.
verbal ability
New cards
25
Self-esteem and self-assurance are associated with which leadership trait?
self-confidence
New cards
26
Which leadership trait is associated with having grit?
determination
New cards
27
Of the Big Five personality factors, which is the most strongly associated with leadership?
extraversion
New cards
28
Social competence in emotional intelligence includes \______.
empathy
New cards
29
What is the emphasis of the trait approach?
Role of the leader
New cards
30
The skills approach, like the trait approach, takes a(n) \______ perspective on leadership.
leader-centered
New cards
31
Human skills is about
working with people
New cards
32
Conceptual skills are
ability to work with ideas
New cards
33
Which of the following problem-solving skills can best be described as the ability to define noteworthy issues or significant problems affecting the organization?
problem definition
New cards
34
Which of the following problem-solving skills can best be described as the ability to anticipate the implications of executing a plan?
forecasting
New cards
35
Environmental factors are those influences that are \______.
outside a leader's competencies and characteristics
New cards
36
The two leadership outcomes outlined in the skills model are \______.
effective problem solving and performance
New cards
37
The skills approach works by providing a \______ that shows how a person can become an effective leader.
map
New cards
38
The behavioral approach focuses on \______.
leader actions
New cards
39
The behavioral approach emphasizes which two types of leader behaviors?
task and relationship
New cards
40
Middle-of-the-road management best describes leaders who are \______.
compromising
New cards
41
Which leadership style, according to Blake and Mouton, includes rewards and approval for people in return for their loyalty and obedience?
paternalism/maternalism
New cards
42
\______ refers to a leader who uses any combination of the five basic styles for the purpose of personal advancement.
Opportunism
New cards
43
The behavioral approach is considered a \______ that provides a conceptual map to help leaders understand their behaviors.
model
New cards
44
The behavioral approach has been criticized for implying that a \______ leadership style is most effective.
high task—high relationship
New cards
45
According to the behavioral approach, managers are continually engaged in which types of leader behaviors?
task and relationship
New cards
46
What two leadership dimensions are highlighted in the situational approach?
directive and supportive behaviors
New cards
47
The situational leadership model is divided into two parts: \______.
leadership style and follower development level
New cards
48
Commitment in the situational leadership approach can be defined as \______.
having motivation and confidence in doing the work
New cards
49
In path-goal theory, the main components are \______.
leader behaviors, follower characteristics, task characteristics, and motivation
New cards
50
Leaders who give followers instructions about task accomplishment are using \______ leadership behaviors.
directive
New cards
51
Supportive leadership in path-goal theory is very similar to which concept from the behavioral approach?
consideration
New cards
52
Leaders who are friendly and approachable are using \______ leadership behaviors.
supportive
New cards
53
Leaders who invite their followers to share in the decision-making process are using \______ leadership behaviors.
participative
New cards
54
Challenging followers to perform work at the highest levels possible is an example of which leadership behavior?
achievement-oriented
New cards
55
Leaders who challenge their followers to seek continuous improvement are using \______ leadership behaviors.
achievement-oriented
New cards
56
One of the key strengths of path-goal theory is its \______.
practical nature
New cards
57
A recent criticism of path-goal theory is that is does not account for \______.
virtual working conditions that separate leaders and followers
New cards
58
LMX theory focuses on \______.
the dyadic relationship between the leader and follower
New cards
59
The early studies of LMX identified what two vertical linkages?
in-groups and out-groups
New cards
60
In the early stages of leader-member relationship development, leaders look for followers who exhibit which behaviors?
enthusiasm and willingness to participate
New cards
61
The leader's emotions generally play a significate role in which stage of the LMX relationship?
acquaintance phase
New cards
62
The dyadic relationship in LMX is \______.
both descriptive and prescriptive
New cards
63
In-group members \______.
get more information from leaders
New cards
64
Out-group members \______.
act differently than in-group members
New cards
65
A strength of the LMX approach is its focus on the importance of \______ in leadership.
personality
New cards
66
Which of the following is a criticism of LMX?
LMX does not fully explain the creation of high-quality exchanges.
New cards
67
Transformational leadership often incorporates which types of leadership?
visionary and charismatic
New cards
68
Some research has suggested that interest in transformational leadership may be exaggerated and perhaps not as relevant now that \______ are flooding into the workplace.
nontraditional workers
New cards
69
Authentic transformational leadership is \______ leadership.
socialized
New cards
70
Charismatic leaders often communicate high expectations for followers in hopes of increasing followers'\______.
self-efficacy
New cards
71
According to the Full Range model, which transformational factor describes leaders who communicate high expectations to followers and inspire them to share the organization's vision?
inspirational motivation
New cards
72
Which factor of transformational leadership supports followers as they try new approaches and develop innovative ways of dealing with organizational issues?
intellectual stimulation
New cards
73
Contingent reward is a process in which effort by followers is exchanged for \______.
specific payoffs
New cards
74
Which type of leadership gives no feedback and makes little effort to help followers satisfy their needs?
laissez-faire
New cards
75
To create change, transformational leaders \______.
become strong role models for their followers
New cards
76
Authentic leadership focuses on \______.
leadership that is genuine
New cards
77
Some of the main concepts of authentic leadership were identified earlier as part of which approach?
transformational
New cards
78
Which perspective of authentic leadership is concerned with a leader's self-knowledge and self-concept?
intrapersonal
New cards
79
Which characteristic of authentic leadership refers to a leader's strong sense of self and their clear direction toward where they are going?
purpose
New cards
80
The early research on authentic leadership grew out of an underdeveloped area within which leadership approach?
the trait approach
New cards
81
\______ refers to a leader's self-efficacy or the belief that they have the ability to accomplish a task.
Confidence
New cards
82
What is the name of the group of factors that predispose or enhance a leader's capacity to develop components of authentic leadership?
positive psychological capacities
New cards
83
Servant leadership can be viewed as a set of \______.
behaviors
New cards
84
\______ refers to the servant leader characteristic in which the leader is a visionary and solves problems in creative ways.
Conceptualization
New cards
85
\______ refers to the servant leader characteristic in which the leader "stands in the shoes" of others.
Empathy
New cards
86
According to Liden et al., the three main components of the servant leadership model are \______.
Studied by 22 people
