Mid_termReview

for my girl!!! (youre pissing me off on ft rn)

Nature-society divide

The separation between the study of natural aspects by natural scientists and societal aspects by social scientists.

Ecological Modernization

A theory that suggests capitalism can adapt to be environmentally sustainable through innovations and policies.

Environmental Sociology

The study of how social systems interact with ecosystems.

Treadmill of Production Theory

A theory that explains how capitalism leads to environmental degradation by continuously requiring economic growth.

Deep Ecology

An environmental philosophy that argues for the intrinsic value of nature and advocates for a reduction in human impact on the environment.

Environmental Health

The study of how environmental factors affect human health and well-being.

Social Vulnerability

Characteristics of a community that expose it to greater risk during environmental hazards.

Environmental Inequality

The unequal distribution of environmental benefits and burdens across different social groups, often affecting marginalized communities.

Ecofeminism

An ideology that connects the exploitation of nature with the oppression of women, advocating for gender equality in environmentalism.

World-Systems Theory

A framework that examines the historical exploitation of countries by wealthier nations and its impact on global inequalities.

Precautionary Principle

The principle that advocates for preventive action in the face of uncertainty regarding environmental risks.

Conspicuous Consumption

The practice of purchasing expensive items to display wealth and social status.

Planned Obsolescence

A policy of producing goods that are designed to have a limited lifespan to encourage repeat purchases.

Green Chemistry

The design of chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the generation of hazardous substances.

Environmental Racism

The disproportionate impact of environmental hazards on communities of color, stemming from systemic inequalities.

Environmental Privilege

The advantages enjoyed by certain groups in society regarding their access to environmental goods.

Environmental Justice Movement

A movement advocating for the fair treatment of all individuals and communities regarding environmental laws and policies.

Ecological Marxism

A theory that critiques capitalism for its systematic overexploitation of natural resources and labor, leading to environmental degradation.

Biomimicry

An approach to innovation that seeks to imitate nature's models and systems to solve human challenges.

Reflexivity

A concept that involves critically examining one’s practices and assumptions in light of new knowledge.

Water Pollution

The contamination of water bodies, often due to human activities, resulting in adverse effects on ecosystems and human health.

Sustainable Development

A model of development that aims to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Risk Society

A term by Ulrich Beck that describes modern societies characterized by pervasive risks and uncertainties, particularly regarding environmental dangers.

Conservation

The responsible management of natural resources to prevent exploitation, destruction, or neglect.

Preservation

The protection of nature through management and conservation to ensure that ecosystems and biodiversity are maintained.

Climate Change

Long-term alterations in temperature and typical weather patterns in a place, primarily driven by human activities.

Social Movements

Organized efforts by groups of people to promote or resist social change.

Community Resilience

The ability of a community to adapt to and recover from adversities such as natural disasters or socio-economic challenges.

Technological Disasters

Accidents that arise from human-made systems failing, resulting in hazardous substances or environmental damage.

Transnational Corporations

Companies that operate in multiple countries, often pursuing profit maximization whilst impacting local environments.

Urban Ecology

The study of the relationship between living organisms and their urban environment.

Environmental Activism

Efforts to promote environmental protection, often involving protests, lobbying, or educational campaigns.

Waste Management

The process of treating solid waste and offers solutions for recycling items that do not belong to trash.

Pollution Prevention

Practices aimed at reducing the amount and toxicity of waste produced.

Grassroots Movements

Community-based efforts that arise from local interests and needs rather than external forces.

Environmental Policy

Decisions and laws that guide how society interacts with the environment and manages natural resources.

Environmental Ethics

A philosophical perspective that considers the moral relationship between humans and the environment.

Globalization

The process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or operate on an international scale.

Sociological Imagination

The ability to see the connection between personal experiences and larger social influences.

Anthropocentrism

A human-centered view of the world that regards humans as the most significant entities.

Stratification

A system of ranking individuals or groups within a society.

Sustainable Practices

Methods of using resources that avoid depletion and maintain ecological balance.

Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)

Organisms whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques.

Fossil Fuels

Natural substances such as coal, oil, and natural gas that are derived from the remains of ancient organisms.

Food Sovereignty

The right of peoples to healthy and culturally appropriate food produced through ecologically sound and sustainable methods.

Greenwashing

The practice of marketing products as environmentally friendly when they are not.

E-waste

Electronic waste that is discarded after its useful life.

NIMBY

An acronym for 'Not In My Backyard,' reflecting opposition to local environmental hazards.

Locally Unwanted Land Use (LULU)

Land uses that are typically resisted by local communities, such as landfills and incinerators.

Environmental Communication

The study of exchanges and dialogue regarding environmental issues and policies.

Biocentrism

An ethical perspective that places intrinsic value on all living beings.

Air Quality Index (AQI)

A measure that determines the quality of air in a specific location.

Habitat Destruction

The process by which natural habitat is rendered unable to support the species present.

Endangered Species

Species that are at risk of extinction.

Biodiversity

The variety of life in a particular habitat or ecosystem.

Sociocide

Destruction of society and community through environmental degradation and injustice.

Carbon Footprint

The total amount of greenhouse gases produced directly and indirectly by human activities.

Alternative Energy

Energy sources that do not rely on fossil fuels, including wind, solar, and geothermal energy.

Carbon Trading

A market-based approach to controlling pollution by providing financial incentives for reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

Ecosystem Services

The benefits that humans derive from ecosystems, including clean air, water, and pollination.

Thermal Pollution

The degradation of water quality by changing its temperature.

Reforestation

The process of replanting trees in a deforested area.

Overfishing

Depleting fish stocks through excessive fishing.

Carbon Neutrality

Achieving a balance between emitting carbon and absorbing carbon from the atmosphere.

Deforestation

The large-scale removal of trees from forests, leading to environmental harm.

Renewable Resources

Resources that can be replenished naturally over time.

Environmental Degradation

The deterioration of the environment through depletion of resources and destruction of ecosystems.

Sustainable Agriculture

Farming practices that meet current food needs without compromising future generations.

Green Roofs

Roofs covered with vegetation, improving insulation and managing stormwater.

Public Environmental Awareness

The recognition and understanding of environmental issues by the general public.

Action for Climate Empowerment

A framework for promoting education and public awareness related to climate change.

Zero Waste philosophy

A mindset that encourages redesigning resource life cycles to sustainably manage products and materials.

Environmental Collaboration

Working together across sectors and disciplines to achieve environmental goals.

Social Capital

The networks of relationships among people in a society enabling cooperation for mutual benefit.

Clean Air Act

U.S. federal law designed to control air pollution on a national level.

National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)

A U.S. law that promotes the enhancement of the environment.

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

A universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure peace and prosperity by 2030.

Environmental Diplomacy

The negotiations between nations aimed at addressing ecological issues.

Social Responsibility

The obligation of individuals and organizations to act for the benefit of society at large.

Waste to Energy

A process of generating energy in the form of electricity or heat from the primary treatment of waste.

Upcycling

The creative reuse of waste materials to create new products.

Climate Justice

The recognition that those least responsible for climate change are often the most affected by its impacts.

Carbon Trading

System where countries or companies can trade emissions allowances to meet caps for greenhouse gases.

Energy Efficiency

Using less energy to perform the same task or produce the same result.

Sustainable Transportation

Transport methods that have a lower impact on the environment.

Coastal Erosion

The loss of coastal land due to the action of waves, currents, tides, and human-related interference.

Food Deserts

Areas with limited access to affordable and nutritious food.

Environmental Audit

A systematic evaluation of an organization’s environmental performance.

Water Scarcity

The lack of sufficient water resources to meet the needs of a population.

Fisheries Management

Regulating fishery operations to sustain fish stocks and protect ecosystems.

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

A process to evaluate the potential environmental effects of a proposed project.

Ecosystem Restoration

The process of assisting the recovery of an ecosystem that has been degraded.

Transparency in Environmental Reporting

The practice of openly providing information about environmental performance.

Anthropogenic Changes

Changes to Earth’s environmental systems resulting from human activity.

Cultural Ecology

The study of how human societies adapt to their environment.

Biodiversity Loss

Decline in the number and variety of species in a given habitat.

Environmental Indicators

Statistical data used to measure environmental quality and health.

Waste Reduction Strategies

Policies and practices designed to minimize waste production.

Return on Investment (ROI) in Sustainability

Calculating the financial benefits of sustainable practices against their costs.

Environmental Stewardship

Responsible use and protection of the natural environment through conservation and sustainable practices.