US History Key terms Exam 1

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ACC US history key terms test exam 1 based on powerpoint provided in class

Last updated 7:23 PM on 6/27/26
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39 Terms

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Agricultural Revolution
Shift from hunting to farming; allowed permanent settlements and population growth.
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Beringia
Ice Age land bridge connecting Asia and North America; first settlers crossed it.
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Columbian Exchange
Exchange of plants, animals, diseases, people, and ideas after 1492.
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Conquistadores
Spanish soldiers and explorers who conquered Native American empires.
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Coureurs de Bois
Independent French fur traders who traded with Native Americans.
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Eastern Woodland Cultures
Native American societies living east of the Mississippi River.
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Encomienda System
Spanish labor system forcing Native Americans to work for colonists.
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Protestant Reformation
Religious movement challenging the Catholic Church; led to Protestantism.
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Spanish Armada
Spanish fleet defeated by England in 1588, increasing English power.
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Treaty of Tordesillas
1494 treaty dividing newly discovered lands between Spain and Portugal.
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Virgin of Guadalupe
Catholic religious symbol of Christianity and Mexican identity.
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Antinomianism
Belief that God guided individuals directly without church authority.
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Great Puritan Migration
Movement of about 16,000 Puritans to Massachusetts in the 1630s.
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Headright System
Gave 50 acres of land for paying someone's passage to Virginia.
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House of Burgesses
First elected legislature in English North America (Virginia, 1619).
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Indentured Servants
People who worked for years in exchange for passage to America.
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Joint-Stock Company
Business where investors shared risks and profits.
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Mayflower Compact
Pilgrim agreement establishing self-government and majority rule.
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Puritans
English Protestants who wanted to purify the Church of England.
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Quakers
Members of the Society of Friends who believed in equality, tolerance, and the Inner Light.
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Bacon's Rebellion
1676 revolt led by Nathaniel Bacon against Virginia's governor.
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Coverture
Law giving a married woman's legal rights to her husband.
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Dominion of New England
Royal union of several New England colonies under British control.
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Enumerated Goods
Colonial products that had to be shipped through England.
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Glorious Revolution
1688 overthrow of James II; strengthened Parliament.
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Mercantilism
Idea that colonies existed to benefit the mother country's economy.
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Navigation Acts
English laws regulating colonial trade to benefit England.
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Royal African Company
English company that supplied enslaved Africans to the colonies.
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Spectral Evidence
Dreams and visions used as evidence during the Salem Witch Trials.
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Yeoman
Independent farmer who owned and worked his own land.
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Albany Plan
Benjamin Franklin's proposal to unite the colonies for defense.
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Backcountry
Colonial frontier west of the settled Atlantic coast.
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Consumer Revolution
Increase in colonists buying British manufactured goods.
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Enlightenment
Intellectual movement emphasizing reason, science, and natural rights.
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Great Awakening
Religious revival stressing emotional faith and personal conversion.
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Itinerant Preachers
Traveling ministers who spread revival messages.
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Middle Ground
Region where Native Americans and Europeans cooperated through trade and negotiation.
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Peace of Paris (1763)
Treaty ending the Seven Years' War; Britain gained most French land in North America.
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Seven Years' War
Global war between Britain and France; called the French and Indian War in North America.