Unit 3 Nigeria

coup d’état

A move in which military forces take control of the government by force

democratization

the spread of democracy around the world beginning in the mid-20th centry

dual mandate

britain has dual responsibility in Africa

Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)

a regional organization of 15 West African countries focused on promoting economic integration, cooperation, and regional stability

Federal Executive Council (FEC)

a council that advises or shares in the functions of a political executive, often at the federal level of government

cabinet of minister

federal character

aims to foster national loyalty, promotes unity among Nigerians, and gives all citizens a sense of belonging to the country regardless of differences in ancestry

federalism

allocates revenue between the central government and states impedes the development

Hausa-Fulani

the combined, predominantly Muslim, who are the largest ethnic group in the northern region of the country, often acting as a single entity in Nigerian society and politics

Igbo

a Christian ethnic group of people in Nigeria, their language, and the cultural region where they live

southeast

Import substitution

government policy aimed at replacing foreign imports with locally produced goods to foster industrialization and reduce dependence on foreign economies

Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC)

a government body responsible for organizing and conducting elections in a country

International Monetary Fund (IMF)

global organization of 190 member countries that works to achieve sustainable growth and prosperity by promoting international monetary cooperation, facilitating international trade, and reducing poverty.

middle belt

an area roughly inscribed by the Hausa-speaking area to the north, and the Yoruba, Edo, and Ibo-speaking

military rule

a period when the Nigerian Armed Forces held power, typically after seizing control through a coup d'état, and ruled the country instead of a democratically elected civilian governmen

Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC)

a state-owned oil company in Nigeria, established in 1977, that explores, produces, refines, and markets petroleum products, as well as being involved in petrochemicals and gas development

parastatal

a government-owned organization, established by statute, to render specified services to the public

patron-client politics (prebendalism)

A process whereby the state co-opts members of the public by providing specific benefits or favors to a single person or a small group in return for public support.

People’s Democratic Party (PDP)

political party founded in 2006 by an aggrieved faction of the All Nigeria Peoples Party

Supreme Military Council (SMC)

the ruling body of Nigeria following the 1966 coup d'état

World Bank

international financial institution that provides loans and grants to the governments of low- and middle-income countries

Yoruba

an ethnic group primarily found in Nigeria, as well as Benin and Togo.

southwest

kleptocracy

a system based on virtually unlimited grand corruption