US History Unit 2 Terms

Direct primaries

Elections where voters choose party nominees directly

Initiative

Citizens propose laws through petition and vote

Referendum

Citizens vote to approve or reject laws

Recall

Voters can remove elected officials before term ends

Robert M. La Follette

Progressive governor who led reforms in Wisconsin

16th Amendment

Authorized federal income tax

17th Amendment

Allowed direct election of U.S. Senators

18th Amendment

Banned manufacture and sale of alcohol

19th Amendment

Gave women the right to vote

NAACP

Civil rights organization that fought segregation and lynching

Women’s suffrage movement

Campaigned for voting rights for women

Hepburn Act

Strengthened government regulation of railroads

The Jungle

Exposed unsanitary meatpacking industry

Meat Inspection Act

Required federal inspection of meatpacking plants

Pure Food and Drug Act

Required labeling of ingredients and banned false advertising

Clayton Antitrust Act

Banned unfair business practices and protected labor unions

Federal Trade Commission

Government agency enforcing antitrust laws

Federal Reserve Act

Created a central banking system to manage money supply

Underwood Tariff

Lowered tariffs to encourage competition

Hay

Pauncefote Treaty

Roosevelt Corollary

Justified U.S. intervention in Latin America

Taft

Katsura Agreement

Root

Takahira Agreement

Great White Fleet

Naval tour to show U.S. military strength

Big Stick Diplomacy

Roosevelt’s policy of using force if necessary

Dollar Diplomacy

Taft’s policy of using economic power abroad

Moral Diplomacy

Wilson’s policy of promoting democracy internationally

Archduke Franz Ferdinand

His assassination triggered World War I

Zimmermann telegram

Germany proposed alliance with Mexico against U.S.

U

Boats

Lusitania

British ship sunk by Germany with American passengers

Food Administration

Regulated food production and conservation

Railroad Administration

Controlled railroad operations during the war

Fuel Administration

Managed coal and oil supplies during the war

War Industries Board

Directed industrial production for the war

National War Labor Board

Mediated labor disputes to prevent strikes

Committee on Public Information

Spread propaganda to support the war

Espionage Act

Punished anti

Sedition Act

Banned criticism of government during wartime

Eugene V. Debs

Imprisoned for anti

Red Scare

Fear of communist revolution in the U.S.

A. Mitchell Palmer

Led raids against suspected radicals during Red Scare

Paris Peace Conference

Negotiated treaties ending World War I

Wilson’s 14 Points

Plan for peace based on democracy and self

Mandate system

Gave Allied powers control of former Central Power colonies

Balfour Declaration

British support for Jewish homeland in Palestine

Treaty of Versailles

Blamed Germany and imposed harsh penalties

League of Nations

International peacekeeping organization U.S. refused to join