Mitosis

Steps of mitosis

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

What is prophase

Chromatin condenses into chromosomes. The centrioles separate, the spindle begins to form, and the nuclear envelope breaks down. 

What is metaphase

The chromosomes line up across the center of the cell. 

What is anaphase

Sister chromatids separate and move along the spindle fibers toward opposite ends of the cell. 

What is telophase

The chromosomes gather at opposite ends of the cell and lose their distinct shapes. Two new nuclear envelopes form.

What steps are in interphase

G1, S, G2

What does the G stand for in G1 and G2

Gap

What steps are in the M phase

Mitosis and Cytokinesis

What happens during the M phase

cell division

What does the M phase result in?

2 daughter cells

True or False: The M phase is usually shorter than Interphase

True

What happens durig Mitosis

The cells nucleus divided

What is the resting phase in interphase

G₀

What is binary fission

the replication and then splitting of the cytoplasm

what the importance of the cell cycle to the growth of organisms.

Multicellular organisms grow by adding more cells rather than by allowing individual cells to grow infinitely larger. Cell division helps the cell avoid problems associated with cells that are too large

What happens in G1

cell growth

What happens is the S phase

DNA replication

What happens in the G2 phase

preparation for mitosis

Which cell is more efficiant?

The one with more surface area compared to its volume.

When were the chromosomes duplicated

During the S phase

What breaks down at the end of prophase

Nuclear Membrane

How do the two strands of each chromosome compare with regard to the genetic information they carry?

They contain identical genetic information

What are the separated sister chromatids called

Chromatids

What would happen if one of the duplicated chromosomes did not separate correctly during anaphase?

The daughter cells would not have the correct genetic information.

What happens during telophase

Nuclear envelopes reform, the spindle begins to break apart, and the cell membrane begins to pinch together along the middle of the cell.

how does cytokinesis differs in plant and animal cells.

In animal cells, the cell membrane is drawn inward until the cytoplasm is divided into two nearly equal parts. In plant cells, a cell plate forms near the center of the cell. This plate gradually develops into cell membranes, and then a cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.

How do the chromosomes of the two daughter cells compare?

The chromosomes are genetically identical

Is mitosis a form of sexual or asexual reproduction?

Asexual

What must happen during interphase for a cell to be able to divide?

The cell must grow and replicate its DNA