exam 1 review: oceanography

Vocabulary flashcards covering oceanography terms, wave properties, tidal mechanics, population size estimation, and marine organism scientific names.

Neap Tide

A small tital exchange caused by a half and cresent moon, where the gravitational pull of the sun is added to that of the moon.

Spring Tide

A large tital exchange caused by a full and new moon, where the gravitational pull of the sun is subtracted to that of the moon.

Carapace

The back of a shell.

Amplitude

The amount of water being exchanged.

1 Tide Cycle

Consists of $1\text{ high} + 1\text{ low tide}$.

Semidiurnal

Two tide cycles per day of almost equal amplitudes.

Mixed Tide

Two tide cycles per day of diffrent amplitudes.

Diurnal

One tide cycle per day.

Perigee

The point when the moon is closest to earth.

Apogee

The point when the moon is furthest from earth.

Perihelian

The point when Earth is closest to the Sun.

Aphelian

The point when Earth is farthest from the sun.

Winter Solstice Tides

Occurs on December 21st, when tides are smaller.

Tides Measurement Baseline

Tides are measured by mean low.

Density

The number of organisms of one spesis per unit of area.

Rules of Measuring Population Size

1) Cannot change survivorship or behavior; 2) Marked individuals must mix randomly with unmarked; 3) No major change in pop size between time 1 and time 2 (e.g., migration, births, predicted deaths).

Population Size Formula

$$N = \frac{m(n + 1)}{R + 1}$$

Variable $N$

Represents population size in the population size formula.

Variable $m$

Represents the number of individuals marked at time 1.

Variable $n$

Represents the total number of individuals captured at time 2.

Variable $R$

Represents the number of marked individuals captured at time 2.

Cause of Two Tidal Bulges

Inertia/gravitational force on one side and gravity on the other.

Daily Tidal Delay Cause

The moon is not a stationary satilite of earth and it makes 1 revolution around the earth every $27.7\text{ days}$.

Amphidromic Points

Places where tital patterns/cycles begin.

Causes of High Amplitudes in Gulf of Maine

1) The shape of the GOM (funnel) and 2) Seiching.

Marginal Sea

A somewhat isolated body of water with unique currents (temputure, saltiness).

Wave Length ($L$)

The horizontal distance between 2 adjacent crests.

Wave Height ($H$)

The vertical distance between crest and troph.

Period of a Wave ($t$)

The time it takes 2 adjacent crests to pass a stationary point.

Wave Bottom Feeling Depth

Waves touch or 'feel' bottom at a depth of $\frac{1}{4}$.

Celerity

Speed of a wave, calculated as $\text{Celerity} = \frac{L}{t}$.

Wave Train

A seris of waves with the same charectoristics created by 1 event.

Interference

Occurs when 2 or more wave trains interact, creating a new wave train with (different characteristics)can be constructive or destructive, e.g., Rogue wave.

Carcinus meanus

Green Crab

Littorina littora

Common perriwinkle

Littorina obtusta

Smooth perriwinkle

Nucella (=Thais) lapillus

Dog winkle

Cancer irroratus

Rock crab

Cancer borealis

Jonah crab

Lunatia heros

Moon Snail