Humanities- The Middle Ages + Renaissance
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36 Terms
What does Medius Aevum mean in Latin?
Middle ages
What is feudalism?
a political, economic, and social system in which land was given in exchange for services.
What is chivalry?
the code of conduct followed by medieval knights. chivalry described the qualities a knight should have.
What are some qualities a knight should have?
respect the church, be brave, and act with courtesy.
What are the Middle Ages?
A time period from the 5th century to the 15th century. It is also called the Medieval period. Between the Roman Empire and the Renaissance
Who is at the top of the Feudal pyramid of power?
the Pope
Who is beneath the Pope in the Feudal pyramid of power?
Monarch
Who is beneath the Nobility in the Feudal pyramid of power?
Knights and Vassals
What is the Doomsday book?
recordings in a book of acres of land, forest, people, and livestock.
what are some things peasants did in the winter?
making and mending tools, killing animals, repairing fences, and carting manure and marl.
What is fief?
Land given to a knight in exchange for service
what are some things peasants did in the summer?
hay making, second plowing of fallow fields, sheep shearing, weeding of crops, and harvesting.
what are some things peasants did in the spring?
plowing and spreading manure, sowing seeds, harrowing, digging ditches, and plowing of fallow fields.
What are Tithes?
compulsory donations peasants made to the church
What is a Vassal?
a knight who accepted fief from a noble
Who is at the bottom of the Feudal pyramid of power?
Merchants, Farmers, Craftsmen, Peasants, and Serfs
What is a Reeve?
a kind of manager who keeps an eye on the peasants
What is Manorialism?
an economic system that is self sufficient
what are some things peasants did in autumn?
threshing, plowing, pruning fruit trees, last plowing of the year, collecting acorns for pigs.
Where did the Renaissance start in ?
Italy
Renaissance means what?
rebirth in French
During the Renaissance art became...
More lifelike and less focused on religious themes
When was the fall of the Byzantine empire/when was the Constantinople captured?
1453
What was the purpose of the crusades?
To capture the holy Land from the Muslims
Why was a typical merchants reason for fighting in the crusades?
They were interested in increased trade
Why did some Lord's grant charters during the eleventh century?
To raise money for an expedition
Why were books written in the middle ages called manuscripts?
Because they were written by hand
Where did the plague originate from?
Central asia
Why was the plague called the "Black Death"? What were some of the common symptoms?
The term probably came from the black-and-blue spots, or buboes, that appeared on the skin of many victims. Symtoms included fever, vomiting, coughing and sneezing, and swelling.
How was the plague spread?
Spread by fleas that feed on infected rats
What is another name for the black death?
Bulbonic plague
The black death that raged through medical Europe began when?
14th century
The black death spread to Europe from the Russian city of...
Kaffa
The Asiatic people who brought the black death to Europe were the...
Mongols
Nobody had a problem visiting Jerusalem until...
1071 ce
Who is beneath the monarch in the Feudal pyramid of power?
Nobles