Alkane + More Naming

For Exam 1: covering specifically acids, bases, and carbon atoms.

Methane

1 Carbon

Ethane

2 Carbons

Propane

3 Carbons

(N-)Propyl-

An 3 carbon alkane branch that contains a primary (1°) 1st carbon.

Isopropyl-

A 3 carbon alkane branch that contains a secondary (2°) 1st carbon.

Butane

4 Carbons

(N-)Butyl-

A 4 carbon alkene branch that contains a primary (1°) 1st carbon.

Isobutyl-

A 4 carbon alkene branch that contains a primary (1°) 1st carbon, and a tertiary (3°) 3rd carbon.

Sec-butyl-

A 4 carbon alkene branch that carries a secondary (2°) 1st carbon.

Tert-butyl-

A 4 carbon alkene branch that carries a tertiary (3°) 1st carbon.

Pentane

5 Carbons

Hexane

6 Carbons

Heptane

7 Carbons

Octane

8 Carbons

Nonane

9 Carbons

Decane

10 Carbons

Alkane

C_nH_2n+2 or CH₃(CH₂)_nCH₃ (straight + branched are the same formula)

Single bonds, sp³ carbons.

Cycloalkane

Carbons form a ring with single bonds.

Alkene

Double bond, sp² carbons.

Alkyne

Triple bonds, sp carbons.

Aromatic

A benzene ring (6 carbons and 12 hydrogens) that have alternating double bonds.