Physics in Daily Life and Motion

This flashcard set covers the vocabulary and core principles of physics as they apply to household technology, transportation, medical equipment, and the fundamental differences between translational and rotational motion.

Physics

The branch of science that studies matter, energy, motion, forces, and interactions in the universe.

Force

In physics, a push or a pull; examples in household chores include sweeping, mopping, or wiping windows.

Thermodynamics

The physics principle involved in cooking and heating liquids, encompassing heat transfer methods like conduction, convection, and radiation.

Conduction

The transfer of heat from a fire directly to a pot during the cooking process.

Convection

The transfer of heat occurring in circulating or boiling liquids.

Radiation

The process of heat transfer used in microwave ovens to heat food particles via electromagnetic waves.

Electric Fan Principle

The conversion of electric energy into mechanical energy by means of magnetic fields to produce rotary motion of blades.

Refrigerant

A substance in a refrigerator system that absorbs and removes heat from the inside of the machine and releases it outside.

Centrifugal Force

The force demonstrated by the spinning motion of a washing machine's washer.

Television (TV)

An audiovisual electrical device that converts electricity to light, sound, and heat energy while interpreting electromagnetic signals.

Inertia

Based on Newton's first law of motion, it is the state of a car or passenger while moving that can cause them to be thrown forward if the vehicle halts suddenly.

Aerodynamics

A branch of physics that studies the forces and motion involved in flight, specifically lift, thrust, gravity, and drag.

X-rays

High-energy electromagnetic radiation used to examine the body's internal structures, especially bones, by passing through soft tissues.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

A technology using strong magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed 3D images of internal organs and soft tissues.

X-ray Attenuation

The principle used in CT scans where different tissues absorb different amounts of X-ray energy to create cross-sectional images.

Thermal Expansion

The principle where a material (like liquid in a thermometer) expands when heated and contracts when cooled.

Ultrasound

The use of high-frequency sound waves that bounce back as echoes to create images of organs inside the body.

Optics

The branch of physics dealing with the behavior of light, specifically through reflection and refraction.

Centripetal Force

The force that controls uniform circular motion in amusement rides like Ferris wheels.

Angular Momentum

A principle demonstrated in skating where changing body position affects the speed of rotation.

Projectile Motion

The motion followed by balls in sports like basketball or volleyball when they are thrown or shot.

Motion

Defined as a change in an object's or person's position with regard to time.

Translational Motion

Motion occurring when an entire object moves from one place to another in a straight or curved path without rotating.

Rotational Motion

Motion around a fixed axis where different parts move at different speeds depending on their distance from the axis.

Angular Velocity ($\omega$)

A quantity used to describe the speed of rotation in rotational motion.

Linear Velocity ($v$)

A quantity used to describe motion where all parts of an object move the same distance in the same direction.

Ergonomics

The science of designing tools and environments to optimize human-machine interaction and reduce strain.

Linear Motion

A specific type of translational motion where the object moves in a straight path only, such as an elevator moving up and down.

Angular Motion Types

Includes Flexion, Extension, Abduction, Adduction, and Circumductions.