World History - Islam Vocab

ISLAM VOCAB

Monotheism

The belief of having only one G-d

The Quran

The holy prayer book

Allah

Muslim name for G-d

Muhammad

founder of Islam

The Umma

Community of all believers

Mecca

The holiest city

Medina

Where Muhammad led them (north of Mecca)

The first pillar of Islam

Faith

The second pillar of Islam

Prayer

The third pillar of Islam

Charity

The fourth pillar of Islam

Fasting

The fifth pillar of Islam

Hajj

Mosque

The sacred temples (place of worship)

Jihad

People’s effort against personal struggles

Hijra

When Muhammad and his followers immigrated to Medina

Sharia

Source of life

Madrassas

Religious school

Dhimmis

Jews, Christians, and Zoroastrians were labeled as “the people of the book”

The Jizya

The tax that Dhimmis had to pay to practice their religion freely

What did the Jizya tax pay for?

The military

Caliph

Someone who successes Muhammad as a political/religious leader

The Ulama

Religious Scholars

Sunni Muslims

Believed there should be a vote for the caliphs

Shia/Shiite Muslims

Believed that the caliphs should be Muhammad’s blood relatives

Sufis

Islam’s mythical dimension

What does the Sufis lead to?

The divine

Umayyad Caliphate

A monarchy family that ruled from 661 - 750

Abbasid Caliphate

Replaced the Umayyad Caliphates

What is Hajj?

Pilgrimage