Cells- Cell Theory, Cell Organelles

Eukaryotic

Have a nucleus within their cells. ( Plants, Animals, Fungi , Protists)

Cell membrane

Outer boundary; controls good and bad molecules moving into and out of the cell. ( Animal & Plant)

Ribosomes

Place where proteins are made. ( Animal & Plant)

Chloroplast

Where sunlight energy is converted into sugar in plants; photosynthesis. ( Only in plants)

Cell wall

Rigid outer layer; provides structural support in plant cells. ( Only in plants)

Mitochondria

Breaks down sugar and converts to energy; "powerhouse." ( Plants & Animals)

Nucleus

Contains DNA; control center. ( Plants & Animals)

Endoplasmic reticulum

The passageway that change proteins and lipids and transports them to the golgi bodies for later use-Delivery system for proteins; "highway." ( Plants & Animals)

Cytoplasm

Jelly-like substance; suspends and surrounds the organelles. ( Plants & Animals)

Vacuole

Storage of water and waste; large in plants. ( Larger in plants- in animals small)

Prokaryotic

Primitive organism; unicellular; has no nucleus or organelles.

Ocular lens

The part of the microscope you look into.Magnification of 10x and never changes.

Schwann

Scientist who proposed "All animals are made up of one or more cells."

Schleiden

Scientist who proposed "All plants are made up of one or more cells."

Virchow

Scientist who proposed "All cells come from pre-existing cells."

Organelle

Compartments within the cell which have a specific structure and function.

Objective lens

Primary source of magnification connected to the objective lens Contains three magnification lens: Low, Medium, High

Cell theory

Living things are made up of cells; cells are the basic unit of life; cells come from pre-existing cells.

Diaphragm

Part of the microscope that is used to control the amount of light exposed to the specimen. Lever is located underneath the stage

Golgi body

Package proteins and lipids from the ER and transports them to other parts of the cell. It delivers and releases materials outside of the cell as well

Lysosomes

Small, round structures containing chemicals that break down certain materials in the cell

Centrioles

Small cylinder-shaped organelle near the nucleus in animal cells that helps with the cell reproduction or division, also known as mitosis

Cell

The most basic unit of life. LIFE BEGINS!

Robert Hooke

first to observe "small chambers" in cork and call them cells.

Theory

Logical explanation as to why things happen as they do

Luewenhoek

First to observed living microorganism in which he called "animalcules" ( really bacteria )

Unicellular

Made of a single cell

Multicellular

Consisting of many cells

Prokaryote

A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles ( Bacteria)

Eukaryotic

Has a nucleus

cell theory

idea that all living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic units of function in living things, and new cells are produced from existing cells

Slide

A small flat rectangular piece of glass on which specimens can be placed to view under a microscope

Stage

The flat platform where you place the slide on a microscope

Cover slip

Thin square piece of glass that covers specimen on a slide

stage clips

Holds the slide in place on the stage of a microscope

Microscope light source

Projects light upward through the diaphragm, the specimen, and the lenses to view

Organelle

A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell

Golgi body

A structure in a cell that receives proteins and other newly formed materials from the endoplasmic reticulum, packages them, and distributes them to other parts of the cell.

Lysosomes

Organelle that uses chemicals to break down food and worn out cell parts

Centrioles

Cell organelle that helps in cell division in animal cells only