Key Concepts in Government Systems

These flashcards contain key vocabulary and definitions related to government systems, electoral processes, and political concepts as discussed in the lecture.

Proportional Representation

A principle that states the percentage of seats a party has in the legislature should reflect the percentage of people who voted for that party.

Winner Take All

An electoral system where the candidate with the highest percentage of votes wins, leading to potential minority rule.

Spoiler Effect

A situation in which a third-party candidate can affect the outcome of an election by drawing votes away from a major candidate.

Electoral College

A body of electors established by the Constitution used to elect the President of the United States.

Voter Apathy

A growing lack of interest and disengagement among citizens regarding government and politics, leading to decreased voter turnout.

Gerrymandering

The manipulation of electoral district boundaries to favor one political party over another.

Party Whip

A party member responsible for ensuring party discipline in voting and keeping members aligned with party positions.

Crossing the Aisle

When a member of one political party votes with members of another party, often indicating disagreement with their own party.

Free Vote

A situation where Members of Parliament can vote according to their own beliefs rather than party lines.

Responsible Government

A government system where the executive branch is accountable to the legislature and must maintain its confidence to govern.