Bio Test 1

Stimulus

Life responding to enviorment

homeostasis

a balanced internal environment

metabolism

the processing of energy

DNA

genetic information

Elements

pure materials that exist as atoms

Molecules

Don't need to be pure and made up of 2+ atoms

Enzymes

Needed to make a reaction in the cell

Protons

Positive Charge

Neutrons

Neutral Charge

Electrons

Negative Charge

Ions

Charged atoms

Ionic bonds

Two atoms with opposite charges that are attracted to one another (permanent charge)

Covalent bonds

2 atoms that share a pair of electrons to become stable (Partial charge)

Polar Molecule

Two differently charged areas in a molecule, even when its neutral overall. (Oxygen has a stronger pull on electrons, meaning it'll hang out with it.)

Hydrogen Bonding

The positive charge (Hydrogen) is weakly attracted to the negative charge (Oxygen) of a different molecule

Cohesion

Forming hydrogen bonds with other molecules

Surface Tension

When more hydrogen bonds are formed along the surface

Hydrophilic

"Water loving"

Adhesion

Other substances that are polar or have a charge attracted to water

Universal Solvent

When hydrophilic substances dissolve in water bc ionic and polar substances disolve

1. Life has order

1. It is organized around cells

2. Life responds to environment

2. Stimulus

3. Life regulates itself

3. Living organisms attempt to maintain homeostasis (a balanced internal environment)

4. Life processes energy

4. Process of storing energy is called metabolism, energy can either be stored or released

5. Living objects grow and develop

5. Living organisms get bigger, and multicellular organisms change as they grow

6. Living organisms reproduce

6. Pass their genes (DNA) to a new individual.

Moderate Temp

bonds absorb energy by evaporating and taking it with it

Density of Ice

ice is less dense than water bc molecules are spread out more and even

dehydration synthesis

Removes a water molecule, forming a new bond

hydrolysis

Adding a water molecule to break a bond

Organic

Carbon Based

monosaccharide

A single sugar molecule; fast energy

glycosidic bond

when sugars are joined together, creating a bond

peptide bond

when amino acids are joined, creating a bond

ester bond

when fatty acids are joined to a glycerol

saturated fats

solid fats, rigid molecule makeup

unsaturated fats

liquid, less rigid

Lipids

Insoluble in water, includes fats, phospholipids, steroids, and waxes, stores large amounts of energy,

phospholipid

build cell walls

Hydraulic head

water-loving

Hydraulic tail

water-hating

carbohydrate

a monosaccharide that helps build structures

disaccharide

2 sugar molecules, fast energy

polysaccharide

more than 2 sugar molecules storing energy long term

phospholipids

build cell membranes

R

variable