Nutrition - Foundations of Nursing I

These flashcards cover key concepts related to nutrition, its impact on health, and nursing considerations for dietary assessments and interventions.

What are the six classes of nutrients?

Macronutrients: Carbohydrates, Protein, Lipids. Micronutrients: Vitamins, Minerals, Water.

What is the difference between essential and non-essential nutrients?

Essential nutrients must be provided in the diet, while non-essential nutrients do not need to be supplied and can be synthesized by the body.

How is energy balance defined in nutrition?

Energy balance is determined by the difference between total daily energy intake and total daily energy expenditure.

What does BMR stand for and what does it represent?

BMR stands for Basal Metabolic Rate, which is the energy required to fuel involuntary body activities at rest after 12 hours.

What is the formula for calculating BMI?

BMI is calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared.

What are two types of protein?

Complete proteins contain all essential amino acids, while incomplete proteins lack one or more essential amino acids.

What are the two categories of vitamins?

Vitamins are categorized into water-soluble vitamins (e.g., C, B-complex) and fat-soluble vitamins (e.g., A, D, E, K).

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in nutrition?

The primary function of carbohydrates is to supply energy.

What does enteral nutrition refer to?

Enteral nutrition refers to the delivery of nutrients directly into the gastrointestinal tract.

What are some complications of Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN)?

Complications include insertion problems, infections/sepsis, metabolic alterations, and fluid/electrolyte imbalances.