History of Psychological Assessment

These flashcards cover essential concepts from the history of psychological assessment and testing, providing key definitions and insights into various psychological terms and theories.

Psychological Assessment

The process of using tests and measures to evaluate an individual's mental processes and behaviors.

Physiognomy

The judgment of personality characteristics based on outward appearance.

Phrenology

The study of the shape of the skull to infer personality traits and mental faculties.

Individual Differences

Variations among people in their psychological attributes.

Intelligence Quotient (IQ)

A score derived from standardized tests, used to measure human intelligence relative to others.

Binet-Simon Test

The first modern intelligence test developed by Alfred Binet and Théodore Simon to identify children needing educational support.

Projective Tests

Personality assessments that use ambiguous stimuli to reveal hidden emotions and internal conflicts.

Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

A projective psychological test involving storytelling based on images of ambiguous scenes.

Five-Factor Model (Big Five)

A widely recognized model counting five dimensions of personality: Neuroticism, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Openness to Experience.

Trait Theories

Theories that focus on identifying and measuring individual personality characteristics.