NMJ

What are the components of the CNS

Spinal cord, brain stem, brain

What are the components of the PNS

ANS and SNS

What are the components of the ANS

Sympathetic (flight or fight) and parasympathetic (rest and digest)

What are neurons

Basic unit of nervous system made of soma dendrites and axons

What are soma

Contains the nucleus and Nissl bodies formed by neurotubule and neurofilament

What are Nissl bodies

Ribosome + ER

Soma

What are dendrites

Tree like branches of soma that form dendritic tree and is covered by dendritic spines

What are is the function of the dendrite in the PNS

Receive information and transfer to integrating region of sensory neuron

What are is the function of the dendrite in the CNS

Receive input from other neurons; important in memory formation and brain process

Axon function

Transmission of information as action potential/nerve impulse

What covers axons

Myelin sheaths

Myelin function

Speed up conduction of electrical signal and conserves energy

What is the myelinated cell in the CNS

oligodendrocyte

What is the myelinated cell in the PNS

Schwann cell

Kinesin function in axonal transport

Anterograde transport of MT and neurotransmitters from cell body to axon terminal at the PLUS end

Dynein function in axonal transport

Retrograde transport of growth factors/recycling of axon terminal component from axon terminal to cell body on the NEGATIVE end

Interneuron function

Connect neuron within the CNS

Afferent neuron function

Convey information from tissue and organ to CNS

Efferent neuron function

Convey information from CNS to effector cells

What are the characteristics of the afferent neuron

From peripheral to CNS; peripheral process axon in PNS to short process axon that enters CNS

What are the characteristics of the efferent neuron

From CNS to effector cells; cell body with many dendrites in the CNS, most axon in the PNS

What are the characteristics of the interneuron

Integrate and change signal; integrate groups of afferent/efferent neuron to reflex circuits; ONLY in CNS

What are synapse

Junction between two neurons where one alters the other chemically and electrically

Presynaptic neuron

Transmitting side (axon)

Postsynaptic neuron

Receiving side (dendritic/somatic sometimes axonal)

What are the CNS glia cells

Astrocyte, ependymal, microglia, oligodendrocyte

Astrocyte function

Neuronal migration in development, signal support in BBB

Ependymal cell function

Have ventricular space with adsorptive and secretory role for CSF

Microglia function

Immune response and synapse remodelling

Oligodendrocyte function

Myelinate CNS

PNS glia cells

Satellite and Schwann

Satellite cell function

Surround soma

Schwann cell function

Myelinate axon

Satellite cells

My = myelin, A = axon, N = Schwann cell

Ependymal cell

Gray is the oligodendrocyte

Curare mechanism

Bind to AchR and prevents binding

Botulinum mechanism

Prevent release of Ach

Lambert Eaton disease mechanism

Bind to Ca channel

Myasthenia gravis mechanism

Antibodies are produced against postsynaptic AchR

Postsynaptic dysfunction related disorders

Myasthenia gravis

Presynaptic dysfunction related disorders

Curare, botulinum, Lambert Eaton