Enzyme Inhibitors & Cofactors

Practice flashcards covering enzyme inhibitors and cofactors, including their types and effects on enzymatic activity.

Inhibitors are molecules that bind to enzymes to __ their activity.

reduce

Reversible inhibitors form __ bonds with the enzyme.

weak (e.g. hydrogen or ionic)

Irreversible inhibitors form __ bonds with the enzyme.

strong (e.g. covalent)

Competitive inhibitors bind to the __ site of an enzyme.

active

Non-competitive inhibitors bind away from the __ site.

active

Competitive inhibitors prevent the formation of __ complexes.

enzyme-substrate

Increasing substrate concentration can __ the effect of competitive inhibitors.

reduce

Non-competitive inhibitors bind to the __ site of an enzyme.

allosteric

Binding of non-competitive inhibitors changes the tertiary structure of the enzyme, causing the active site to change __.

shape

Increasing substrate concentration has __ effect on non-competitive inhibitors.

no

Cofactors are non-protein substances that bind to enzymes to __ their activity.

increase

Coenzymes are __ cofactors that are usually derived from vitamins.

organic

Prosthetic groups are cofactors that are __ bound to enzymes.

tightly