Chemistry Chapter 3 Test

what is matter?

anything that has mass and takes up space matter is made out of atoms

What are inside of Substances

Elements and Compounds

what are inside of Mixtures

Homogenous solutions and Heterogeneous mixtures

What are compunds

A substance in which every particle is the same combo together

Carbon Tetrahydride

CH4

Sugar

C11H22O11

Ammonia

NH3

What is a Pure substance

when every piece of matter is the same

what are mixtures

when more than one substance or state of matter are mixed together.

What is an element

when every particle is the same type of atom

What are Homogeneous

It will look the same throughout

what are heterogeneous

different matter can be seen like chunks or bubbles.

What is tin foil

an element

What is a copper pipe

element

what is concrete

a Heterogenous mixture

what is carbon tetrachloride

a compound

what is a sports drink

a homogeneous mixture

How can mixtures be separated

by taking advantage of the physical properties of the substance such as boiling point, solubility, and particle size.

what is separation of mixtures

a common laboratory technique to take advantage of the different physical properties.

what is distillation

used to separate liquids with different boiling points

what is filtration

used to separate insoluble solids from liquids

what is magnetism

used to separate substances that have different magnetic properties

what is chromatography

Used to separate solutions like ink

what do particles in a solid look like

-closely packed together

-Vibrate in place, low KE

-cannot switch places

-definite volume

-definite shape

what do particles in a liquid look like

-close together

-higher KE

-able to move past each other

-definite volume

-indefinite shape

What do particles in a gas look like

-very spread out

-rapid, random motions

-highly compressible

-no definite volume

-no definite shape

What are physical properties

characteristics that can be measured or observed without changing the identity of the substance

What are chemical properties

characteristics having to fi with how the atoms and molecules can be combined with or rearranged into other substances

what is a physical change

a change that alters the substances physical properties but does not change its molecular structure

what is a chemical change

a change that alters a substances arrangement of atoms, thus changing its identity and chemical properties

change of state = ???

Change of state = physical change

when do physical changes take place

dissolving, solubility

when do physical properties change

malleable, ductile, sublimes, luster, viscosity

when do chemical properties change

flammable, combustible, corrosive, oxidizer, reducing agent

when do chemical changes happen

cooking, metabolizing, decaying, spoiling, souring, growth, oxidizing, tarnishing, combustion, neutralization

what is an alloy

a metal mixture that has different properties from the metals that were mixed

As the number of particles increases,

The pressure also increases

As volume increases,

Pressure decreases

As the Number of particles decreases

the pressure also decreases.

As the volume decreases,

the pressure increases

What is temperature

the proportional to the average kinetic energy of the particles

In low temperatures how do particles move?

slower, with fewer and gentler collisions

In high temperatures how do particles move?

Fast with more forceful collisions

As the temperature increases,

the pressure also increases

As the temperature decreases,

the pressure also decreases

What is atmospheric pressure?

the pressure exerted by air due to successive layers of air in the atmosphere

A flexible container will _______ in order to reduce pressure indie until its equal to the new pressure

expand or contract

What is the Kinetic Molecular Theory

an explanation of gas behavior based upon the motion of molecules of an “ideal gas” - a gas that perfectly fits the assumptions of the KMT

what is “real gas”

a gas that is not behaving ideally/according to KMT. This can occur with all gases especially at low temp or high pressure, approaching their solid or liquid conditions

what is effusion

when gases escape from a tiny hole in the container

what is diffusion

gas moving across a space