BIOL 1200: Protostomes - Lophotrochozoa

This set of flashcards covers key vocabulary and concepts related to the lecture on Protostomes, specifically focusing on the Lophotrochozoa and various classes within Phylum Mollusca.

Phylum Mollusca

Soft-bodied animals such as snails, oysters, clams, octopuses, and squids.

Three main body parts

1. Foot - for movement; 2. Visceral mass - contains internal organs; 3. Mantle - tissue that drapes over visceral mass.

Mantle cavity

Water-filled chamber that houses gills, anus, and excretory pores.

Radula

A strap-like rasping organ found in many mollusks used to scrape up food.

Trochophore

A ciliated larval stage in many mollusk species.

Class Polyplacophora

Includes chitons, characterized by an oval shape and eight segmented shells.

Class Gastropoda

Includes snails, slugs, and nudibranchs, which undergo torsion in their development.

Gastropod feeding

Most are grazers, some are predatory with modified radula for boring holes and injecting poison.

Class Bivalvia

Includes clams and oysters, with shells divided into two halves and no heads.

Class Cephalopoda

Includes squid and octopuses, known for their fast movement and closed circulatory system.

Intelligent nervous system

Cephalopods possess a highly-developed brain and well-developed sensory organs.

Cuttlefish bone

Internal shell in cuttlefish, contributing to buoyancy.

Giant squids

Largest invertebrates, can grow up to 17 meters long and weigh 2 tons.

Torsion

A unique phase in gastropod development where the visceral mass rotates up to 180 degrees.

Shell

In many mollusks, the hard outer covering, often made of calcium carbonate.

Suction cups

Found on octopus tentacles, used to grab and manipulate prey.