lesson lab 8

cells that form myelin sheath around axons of neurons in the central nervous system

oligodendrocytes

granules of rough endoplasmic reticulum in the cytoplasm of neurons

nissl bodies

portion of the neuron that carries impulses away from the cell body

axon

portion of the neuron in which the nucleus and most of organelles are found

cell body

cells that form myelin sheath in the PNS

schwaan cells

gaps between schwaan cells on a neurons axon

nodes of ranvier

ends of the axon that contains synaptic vessels

axon terminals

region of the neuron that receives incoming signals and conveys them towards the cell body

dendrites

fatty layers that surround and electrically-insulate the axon, speeding up the nerve impulse

myelin

cone shaped area where the axon leaves the body

axon hillock

location where a neuron meets with another cell to send a message

synapse

chemical message released from a neuron

neurotransmitter

membrane sacs that store neurotransmitters

synaptic vessels

neurons with one extension off their cell body theres neurons are commonly found in the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord

sensory unipolar

neurons with two extensions from the cell body this type of neuron is found in special sensory organs such as the retina of the eye

bipolar

neurons with multiple extensions from the cell body these are the most abudant in the body

multipolar

neurons that transmit impulses from sensory receptors in the skin or organs TOWARDS the CNS

sensory (afferent)

neurons that conduct impulses WITHIN the CNS and integrate incoming sensory input to predict proper motor output

interneurons

neurons carry impulses away from CNS to effectors such as muscles, organs, or glands

motor (efferent)