Electromagnetic Induction in Physics

This set of flashcards covers key concepts related to electromagnetic induction, generators, transformers, and their equations essential for understanding physics in the context of electricity generation.

Electromagnetic Induction (EM induction)

The process of generating electricity by inducing a voltage in a conductor or coil when it moves through a magnetic field or when the magnetic field changes.

Generator Effect

The phenomenon where a current is induced in a conductor when it cuts through the magnetic field lines.

Motor Effect

The effect observed when a current-carrying conductor experiences a force in a magnetic field.

Potential Difference

The voltage induced in a conductor as a result of its relative movement in a magnetic field.

Factors Affecting Induced Potential Difference

1. Speed of movement of the conductor or magnet 2. Number of turns on the coil 3. Size of the coils 4. Strength of the magnetic field 5. Orientation of the poles of the magnet.

Alternator

A type of generator that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy in the form of alternating current.

Dynamo

A direct current generator that utilizes a split-ring commutator instead of slip rings.

Step-Up Transformer

A transformer that increases the potential difference of a power source; has more turns on the secondary coil than on the primary coil.

Step-Down Transformer

A transformer that decreases the potential difference of a power source; has fewer turns on the secondary coil than on the primary coil.

Transformer Equation

The relationship between the potential differences and the number of turns in the primary and secondary coils; Vp/Vs = Np/Ns.

Ideal Transformer

A theoretical transformer that is 100% efficient, meaning the input power equals the output power.

Power Equation

The equation for power, P = V × I, where P is power in watts, V is potential difference in volts, and I is current in amps.