Networking Protocols: HTTP, DNS, SMTP, FTP Definitions

HTTP

Hypertext Transfer Protocol

DNS

Domain Name System

SMTP

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

FTP

File Transfer Protocol

TCP

Transmission Control Protocol

UDP

User Datagram Protocol

IP

Internet Protocol

HTTPS

Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure

HyperText Transfer Protocol

Transfers web pages between a browser and a web server.

Domain Name System

Converts domain names into IP addresses.

HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure

Same as HTTP but encrypted for security.

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

Sends emails between mail servers.

File Transfer Protocol

Moves files between computers over a network.

Transmission Control Protocol

Reliable data transfer with error correction.

User Datagram Protocol

Fast, connectionless transfer (no error checking).

Internet Protocol

Routes packets across networks.

Application Layer

Where user-level applications run. Examples: HTTP, DNS, FTP, SMTP.

Transport Layer

Responsible for reliable communication and error correction. Uses TCP or UDP.

Network Layer

Handles routing of packets between networks. Uses IP.

Data Link Layer

Moves data between devices on the same network.

Physical Layer

Sends raw bits through cables, radio waves, or other physical media.

How many bits in 1 byte?

8

How many bits in a IP Address?

32