Lecture on Articulations

A set of flashcards based on lecture notes about articulations, covering definitions, classifications, functions, types of joints, movements, and related pathologies.

What is the definition of articulations in anatomy?

An articulation, or joint, is a site where two or more bones meet.

What are the three functional classifications of joints?

The three functional classifications of joints are Synarthroses (immovable), Amphiarthroses (slightly movable), and Diarthroses (freely movable).

What type of tissue primarily makes up fibrous joints?

Fibrous joints are primarily made of dense fibrous connective tissue.

What distinguishes synovial joints from other types of joints?

Synovial joints are characterized by the presence of a joint cavity and are all classified as diarthrotic (freely movable).

What are the three structural classifications of joints?

The three structural classifications of joints are Fibrous, Cartilaginous, and Synovial.

What type of joint are sutures classified as?

Sutures are classified as fibrous joints and are typically immovable (synarthrotic).

Which type of cartilage is present in synchondroses?

Synchondroses are united by hyaline cartilage and are typically immovable (synarthrotic).

What is the main function of synovial fluid?

Synovial fluid lubricates and nourishes articular cartilage.

What type of joint is the elbow classified as?

The elbow is classified as a hinge joint, allowing for uniaxial movement (flexion and extension).

What are the six types of synovial joints based on shape?

The six types of synovial joints are Plane, Hinge, Pivot, Condyloid (Ellipsoidal), Saddle, and Ball-and-Socket joints.

What are the movements included in angular movements at synovial joints?

Angular movements include flexion, extension, hyperextension, abduction, adduction, and circumduction.

What is osteoarthritis, and what is a common cause?

Osteoarthritis is a common, irreversible degenerative arthritis often caused by wear-and-tear on the joints.

What differentiates rheumatoid arthritis from osteoarthritis?

Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory autoimmune disease, often affecting multiple joints symmetrically, unlike osteoarthritis which is degenerative.

What is the result of a dislocation in a joint?

A dislocation occurs when articulating surfaces are forced out of position, leading to pain and potential damage to the joint structures.

What stabilizing factors influence synovial joints?

Stabilizing factors include the shape of articular surfaces, ligament number and location, and muscle tone.

What is the function of bursae in synovial joints?

Bursae are flattened sacs filled with synovial fluid that reduce friction between moving structures in joints.

How does the shoulder joint achieve its range of motion?

The shoulder joint, a ball-and-socket joint, sacrifices stability for greater freedom of movement.

What causes gouty arthritis?

Gouty arthritis is caused by the deposition of uric acid crystals in joints, leading to inflammation.