Animal Science

Holstein cow make up how much of the US dairy cow population

90

Jersey cows make up how much of the US dairy population

The goal is to produce a

Heifer calf

Artificial insemination allows producers to increase the

Good genetics

Conception rates are around

45-50 fro dairy cattle and 65 for beef

We try to breed cattle back around how many days after giving birth

60 days

After calves are born they are tubed to ensure that they receive

Colostrum

Colostrum has

Antibiotics

The antibiotics gives the calves its

Immunity

A new born calf consumes around

1-2 gallons of milk a day

A cow normally gives around

8-10 gallons total of milk a day

Calves drink out of a

Bucket

The bottle hold 2 quarts and the bucket hold 1 gallon it is very time consuming to bottle feed and

Labor intensive

Calves are placed in individual

Hutches

The calves are out in hutches to help prevent calves from catching

Sickness/ diseases

Soon after being born each female calf is given an

Ear tag and tattoo

Males claves are tagged and castrated at

3-4 weeks

Calves are completely weaned by

8 weeks

The calf’s immune system has developed at

Week 10

At the age of _ Holstein heifers should be weighing _

13 months and 750 lbs

For breeding jersey heifers weighing

650 lbs

Heifers should calve around the time they are

16-22 months

The sooner cows start

Producing milk

Summer calving is not wanted because of

Heat stroke

Cows are usually milked how many days a year

305 days

Cows will then spend the next ___ not being milked

60 days

The housing system that allows cows to lay down, eat, and drink water as they please

Free stall system

Cows are fed around

2 times a day/ 80-90 lbs

Cows drink around _____ of water a day

70 gallons

Sand keeps cows dry and clean and it is easy to purchase and it is

Absorbent

____ is the number one cost to the dairy industry

Mastitis

___ on days receiving medication, decreased milk production and sometimes permanent damage tot he utter

Lost days

Cows can succumb to heat stress when the temperature humidity index is

Above 68

At Mississippi state we use ___ to militate some of these effects

Fans and sprinklers

we can decrease the temperature in the free stall barn from

100-103 degrees

Ear tags and

RFID Collars

Dairy cattle receive around __ feed a day

80-90 lbs

__ of the feed is dry matter

50-60lbs

Lactating dairy cattle are fed a TMR (total mixed ratio) __ per day

2 times

Cows will try to sort out the feed with their tongue to find the

Grain

All the feed ingredients are mixed together and packed together so that the cows eat

Everything

Roughage helps

Slow down digestion

Hay is

Eaten better

Moisture from water helps ____ and allows the TMR to stick together

Increase

Genetics, technological advances help with

Better feed quality

How long does it take to milk a cow

7-9 minutes

A hormone must be related for milk to be let down

Oxytocin

The teats are dipped in

5% Iodine

After milking the teats are dipped in a

1% post dip solution

Lanolin is to prevent cracks in the teats and to keep them

Moisturized

The automatic milk system will release when the udder has ___ milk left

5-10%

Cows give ___ of milk a day

8-10 gallons

Cows don’t mind being milked because they have ___ of milk

40 lbs

The test opening remains open around

30 minutes

The automatic milling system has

Pulsation and vacuum suction

The milk comes out the the cow at around

102 degrees

A palate cooler cools the body temp milk to

72 F

The tank agitator continuously stirs the milk if not then the ___ goes to the top it also prevents the milk from ___

Cream and freezing

Every tank of milk is tested for

Bacteria and antibiotics

____ milk keeps you from having clumps in your

Hymonognized

_____ is the milk that comes from cows who have been fed organic crops, feeds, and forages

Organic milk