CMSC Chapter 2 Key Terms Pearson

Main Function

The entry point of a C++ program where execution begins.

Preprocessor Directives

Instructions that guide the compiler before actual compilation.

Statements

Individual instructions in a program that perform actions.

Cout

A stream object used to output data to the console in C++.

Include Directive

A command to include libraries in a C++ program.

Variables

Memory locations in programming used to store and manipulate data.

Literals

Constant values written directly into code, such as numbers or strings.

Identifiers

Names given to elements like variables and functions.

Integer Data Types

Data types for handling whole numbers.

Char Data Type

Represents individual characters in C++.

String Class

Allows manipulation of sequences of text.

Floating-Point Data Types

Data types for numbers with decimal points.

Bool Data Type

Represents true or false values.

Scope

Defines where variables can be accessed in a program.

Arithmetic Operators

Operators for performing mathematical calculations.

Difference in Syntax for single line and multi line comments

// for single line, /* and */ for multi line

Namespaces

Organizational units in C++ ensuring unique and well-defined names.

Stream Insertion Operator

The << operator used to send data to cout.

Escape Sequences

Preprocessor

A tool that processes directives before the compiler runs.

Compiler

A program that translates C++ code into machine code.

Input-Output Stream

A library in C++ for handling input and output operations.

Header File

A file containing declarations and macro definitions to be shared between several source files.

Constants

Values that do not change during program execution, synonymous with literals.

Keywords

Reserved words in C++ that must be lowercase and cannot be used as identifiers.

Null Terminator

A special byte marking the end of a string, ASCII code 0.A special byte marking the end of a string, ASCII code 0.

Linefeed

ASCII code 10, used for the newline character.

Byte

A unit of data typically consisting of 8 bits.

Mantissa

The part of a floating-point number that represents the significant digits.

Float

A single precision floating-point data type

Double

A double precision floating-point data type

Long Double

A floating-point data type intended to be larger than double

True

Boolean value represented by 1 in memory.

False

Boolean value represented by 0 in memory.

sizeof

An operator in C++ that returns the number of bytes a data type or variable occupies in memory.

Variable Initialization

Assigning a value to a variable at the time of its creation.

Operands

The entities on either side of an operator.

Auto Keyword

A C++11 feature that allows the compiler to deduce the variable type.

Unary Operator

An operator that requires only one operand

Binary Operator

An operator that works with two operands

Ternary Operator

An operator that requires three operands