Amino Acids

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Description and Tags

For Manor's BICD 110 course (and Hui's BIBC 100 course lowk)

Biology

Biochemistry

UCSD

Manor

Hui

Structural Biochemistry

Cell Biology

BICD 110

BIBC 100

University/Undergrad

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22 Terms

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20 Standard Amino Acids

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Three Groups

  • Charged

  • Polar

  • Hydrophobic (Nonpolar)

    • Ignore special cases

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Arginine (R)

  • Positively Charged (Basic)

<ul><li><p>Positively Charged (Basic)</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Lysine (K)

  • Positively charged (Basic)

<ul><li><p>Positively charged (Basic)</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Histidine (H)

  • Positively Charged (Basic)

  • Side chain is ionizable at physiological pH (~7.4)

<ul><li><p>Positively Charged (Basic)</p></li><li><p><u>Side chain is ionizable at physiological pH (~7.4)</u></p></li></ul><p></p>
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Aspartic Acid (D)

  • Negatively Charged (Acidic)

  • pKa = 3.7

<ul><li><p>Negatively Charged (Acidic)</p></li><li><p>pKa = 3.7</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Glutamic Acid (E)

  • Negatively Charged (Acidic)

  • pKa = 4.3

<ul><li><p>Negatively Charged (Acidic)</p></li><li><p>pKa = 4.3</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Serine (S)

Polar

<p>Polar</p>
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Threonine (T)

  • Polar

  • Hydroxyl branch on side chain

<ul><li><p>Polar</p></li><li><p>Hydroxyl branch on side chain</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Asparagine (N)

  • Polar

  • Amide group

<ul><li><p>Polar</p></li><li><p>Amide group</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Glutamine (Q)

  • Polar

  • Amide Group

<ul><li><p>Polar</p></li><li><p>Amide Group</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Cysteine (C)

  • Polar

  • Sulfhydroxyl Group on side chain

<ul><li><p>Polar</p></li><li><p><u>Sulfhydroxyl Group</u> on side chain</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Glycine (G)

  • Aliphatic (Nonpolar)

  • Only one Hydrogen as its side chain

<ul><li><p>Aliphatic (Nonpolar)</p></li><li><p>Only one Hydrogen as its side chain</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Proline (P)

  • Aliphatic (Nonpolar)

  • Rigid ring strongly affects protein structure

<ul><li><p>Aliphatic (Nonpolar)</p></li><li><p>Rigid ring strongly affects protein structure</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Alanine (A)

Aliphatic (Nonpolar)

<p>Aliphatic (Nonpolar)</p>
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Valine (V)

Alpihatic (Nonpolar)

<p>Alpihatic (Nonpolar)</p>
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Isoleucine (I)

  • Aliphatic (Nonpolar)

  • Ile

  • Same molecular weight as Leucine

<ul><li><p>Aliphatic (Nonpolar)</p></li><li><p>Ile</p></li><li><p>Same molecular weight as Leucine</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Leucine (L)

  • Aliphatic (Nonpolar)

  • Leu

  • Same molecular weight as Isoleucine

<ul><li><p>Aliphatic (Nonpolar)</p></li><li><p>Leu</p></li><li><p>Same molecular weight as Isoleucine</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Methionine (M)

Aliphatic (Nonpolar)

<p>Aliphatic (Nonpolar)</p>
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Phenylalanine (F)

  • Aromatic

    • Aliphatic (Nonpolar)

  • Phe

<ul><li><p>Aromatic</p><ul><li><p>Aliphatic (Nonpolar)</p></li></ul></li><li><p>Phe</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Tyrosine (Y)

  • Aromatic

    • Somewhat Polar, but classified as Aliphatic (Nonpolar)

  • Tyr

<ul><li><p>Aromatic</p><ul><li><p><u>Somewhat Polar, but classified as Aliphatic (Nonpolar)</u></p></li></ul></li><li><p>Tyr</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Tryptophan (W)

  • Aromatic

    • Aliphatic (Nonpolar)

  • Trp

  • Largest Amino Acid

<ul><li><p>Aromatic</p><ul><li><p>Aliphatic (Nonpolar)</p></li></ul></li><li><p>Trp</p></li><li><p><u>Largest Amino Acid</u></p></li></ul><p></p>