cytoplasm basic function and classification and cyctoskeleton

What are the 4 main parts of the cytoplasm?

Cytosol, cell organelles, inclusion bodies, and cytoskeleton

What is cytosol?

The fluid component of the cytoplasm

Which organelles are listed in the cytoplasm?

Ribosome, rough ER, smooth ER, Golgi apparatus, lysosome, and mitochondria

What are the main cytoplasmic inclusion bodies?

Glycogen, lipid droplets, lipofuscin, and melanin

What are the 3 types of cytoskeleton?

Microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments

What must you know for each cytoskeletal element?

Subunit, location, function, and organization

What is the main function of microtubules?

Maintain cell shape and provide tracks for intracellular transport

What are microtubules made of?

Alpha tubulin and beta tubulin

What is the structure of a microtubule?

A hollow tube with 13 tubulin dimers forming one circle

What structures can microtubules form?

Cilia and flagella

What motor proteins move along microtubules?

Dynein and kinesin

What do dynein and kinesin do?

Move organelles along microtubules

Where do microtubules originate?

The microtubule organizing center associated with the centriole in the centrosome

What is the microtubule arrangement in cilia?

9 plus 2 arrangement

Are cilia organelles?

No, their core structures are made of microtubules

What are microfilaments also called?

Actin filaments

What are microfilaments made of?

Actin

How is an actin microfilament organized?

G actin forms F actin strands and two strands twist together

Where are microfilaments found?

In the core of microvilli and prominently in smooth muscle cells

What do microfilaments do during cytokinesis?

Form the contractile ring with actin and myosin

What is the main function of intermediate filaments?

Structural support linking intracellular structures and plasma membranes

What are examples of intermediate filaments?

Cytokeratin, vimentin, desmin, neurofilament, GFAP, and lamin