undifferentiated cells found among differentiated cells in a tissue or organ
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anaphase
The microtubules of the spindle apparatus begin to shorten, the sister chromatids separate, the chromosome move toward the poles of the cell
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apoptosis
programmed cell death
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asexual reproduction
process of reproduction involving a single parent that results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent
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asters
Microtubules and fibers that radiate out from the centrioles.
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binary fission
A form of asexual reproduction in which one cell divides to form two identical cells.
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cancer
the uncontrolled growth and division of cells.
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cell cycle
cells reproduce by a cycle of growing and dividing
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cell division
Process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells
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centrioles
Cell organelle that aids in cell division in animal cells only
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centromere
the structure of at the center of the chromosome where the sister chromatids are attached
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centrosome
A structure in animal cells containing centrioles from which the spindle fibers develop.
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chromatid
one half of a duplicated chromosome
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chromatin
the relaxed form of DNA in the cell's nucleus
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chromosomes
the structures that contain the genetic material that is passed from generation to generation of cells
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cyclin
one of the specific proteins that regulates/stimulates the cell cycle
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cytokinesis
the method by which a cell's cytoplasm divides creating a new cell
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embryonic stem cell
stem cell that can give rise to all types of cells in the body
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G1
In interphase - cell grows rapidly, builds new organelles; also performs regular cell functions
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G1, S, G2
Stages of Interphase
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G2
The final period of interphase during which the cell prepares for mitosis.
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interphase
the stage during which the cell grows, carries out cellular functions, and replicates its DNA in preparation for the next stage of the cycle. Cell spends most of its time here.
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metaphase
Sister chromatids are pulled along the spindle apparatus toward the center of the cell, they line up in the middle of the cell
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microtubules
Thick hollow tubes that make up the cilia, flagella, and spindle fibers.
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mitosis
the stage of the cell cycle during which the cell's nucleus and nuclear material divide
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prophase
the first stage in mitosis- the longest phase- in this stage the cell's chromatin condenses into chromosomes and the nuclear envelope disappear.
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prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
Stages of mitosis (hint: PMAT)
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s phase
The synthesis phase of the cell cycle; the portion of interphase during which DNA is replicated.
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sexual reproduction
A reproductive process that involves two parents that combine their genetic material to produce a new organism, which differs from both parents
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sister chromatids
are structures that contain identical copies of DNA.
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spindle apparatus
structure made of spindle fibers, centrioles, and aster fibers that is involved in moving and organizing chromosomes before the cell divides
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stem cells
Unspecialized cells that can develop into specialized cells when under the right conditions
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telophase
The chromosomes arrive at the poles and begin to relax, two new nuclear membranes begin to form and the nucleoli reappear, the spindle apparatus dissembles.
Studied by 54 people
