German Unification History

Prussia

Emerged as a dominant force in Europe during the 18th and 19th centuries, leading the unification of Germany.

Realpolitik

Political strategy favoring practicality over ideology, used by Bismarck to unify Germany.

Iron and Blood

Bismarck's speech advocating for steel production and sacrifice to achieve German unity.

Second Schleswig War

Prussian-Austrian victory over Denmark, leading to the acquisition of Schleswig and Holstein.

Austro-Prussian War of 1866

Conflict where Prussia defeated Austria, leading to the formation of the North German Confederation.

North German Confederation

Union of North German kingdoms under Prussian leadership after the Austro-Prussian War.

Bismarck Maneuvers

Diplomatic strategies to unite German kingdoms against external threats, aiding in unification.

Spanish Succession

Political maneuvering involving Leopold Hohenzollern's offer for the Spanish crown, leading to conflict.

Franco-Prussian War of 1870

Conflict triggered by French opposition to Leopold's succession, resulting in German victory.

French Third Republic

Established after Napoleon III's defeat, leading to French concessions and territorial losses.

German Empire

Formed after the defeat of France, with Wilhelm I declared as Emperor at Versailles.

Balance of Power

Significantly altered in Europe post-German unification, leading to alliances and potential conflicts.

Austro-Hungarian Empire

Successor to the Austrian Empire, faced destabilization and conflicts in the Balkans.

Nationalism

Strong sense of national identity, a driving force behind the events leading to global conflict.

Militarism

Policy of glorifying military power and maintaining a strong military, prevalent in pre-WWI Europe.

Franz Ferdinand

Assassination of the Austrian archduke in 1914, triggering World War I.

Wilhelm II

Emperor of Germany who adopted an aggressive foreign policy, leading to increased tensions.

Alliances

Formed by major powers to counterbalance Germany's dominance, setting the stage for future conflicts.