microbiology lecture five

what does a eukaryotic cell contain

a nucleus and organelles

that does the nucleus of eukaryotes have

double lipid bilayer

what does DNA exist as in the nucleus of eukaryotes

chromatin

what chromosomes are present in eukaryotes

multiple linear chromosomes

what are histones

DNA condenses on proteins

what is in the phospholipid bilayer in eukaryotes

smooth and rough ER

what does the smooth ER do

lipid metabolism, detox reactions

what does the rough ER do

ribosomes docked, protein synthesis

what are eukaryotes ribosome size

80S

what are eukaryote ribosomes resistant to

antibiotics

what is the site of respiration

mitochondria

what is the site of photosynthesis in eukaryotes

chloroplasts

what is the protein trafficking center in eukaryotes

golgi body

what does the cytoskeleton consist of in eukaryotes

actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments

what are vacuoles

lipid-enclosed space

what is flagellum used for in eukaryotes

locomotion

how do flagellum move in eukaryotes

waves

what are eukaryote capsules

polymeric sugars

what are primary endosymbionts

green and red algae

what are opisthokonts

animals and fungi

what do opisthokonts have

a single flagellum

what is viridiplantae

algae and plants

what is a nucleomorph

engulfed algae still maintain DNA in vestigial nucleus

what are two types of amebas

amoebozoa and cercozoa

what are the clades of protists

amebas, alveolates, heterokonts, euglenozoa, excavates

what do cell walls of fungi contain

chitin

what are branching forms of hyphal tips

mycelia

how do yeasts reproduce

asexually and sexyally

what has flagellated reproductive form

chytrids

what fungi is nonmotile

zygomycetes

what is bread mold

rhizopus

what are the types of ascomycetes

ascospores, neurospora, penicillin, morels

what forms basidiospores

meiosis

what are two types of basidiomycetes

mushrooms and cryptococcus

what has paired flagella

algae

what is algaes cell wall made of

glycoprotein or cellulose

what do contractile vacuoles remove

excess water

what does pyrenoid do

concentrates CO2 fixation

what is chlorophyll a

green algae

what are chlamydomonas

individual cells

what are spirogyra

filaments

what are ulva

sheets

what are volvox

colonies

what is red algae

rhodophyta

where does agar come from

red algae

what are secondary endosymbionts

alage engulfed by a protist

what are diatoms

bacillariophyta

what is brown algae

phaeophhyceae

what is amoebozoa

lobe-shaped pseudopods

what are slime molds

amoebozoa

what are radiolarians

shelled amoebas

what secretes enzymes and toxins

alveola

what to microtubules do

stabilize structure

what do many alveolates contain

cilia

what causes red tide

dinoflagellates

what is apicoplast derived from

chloroplasts

what are trypanosomes related to

photosynthetic euglenozoa

what do excavates lack

mitochondria