Chapter 6- Electronic Structure of Atoms

What describes the nature of waves in the context of electronic structure?

The distance between corresponding points on adjacent waves is called the wavelength.

What is frequency in relation to waves?

Frequency (ν) is the number of waves passing a given point per unit of time.

What is the speed of light (c)?

3.00 x 10^8 m/s.

What is Planck's constant?

6.626 x 10^−34 J∙s.

Who explained the photoelectric effect using quanta?

Albert Einstein.

According to the Bohr model, how do electrons occupy energy orbits?

Electrons can only occupy certain orbits corresponding to certain energies.

What does the principal quantum number (n) describe?

The energy level of the electron.

What does angular momentum quantum number (l) determine?

The shape of the orbital.

According to Hund’s Rule, how should electrons fill degenerate orbitals?

The lowest energy is attained when the number of electrons with the same spin is maximized.

What are valence electrons?

The electrons in the highest principal energy shell of an atom.

What does the Pauli Exclusion Principle state about electrons?

No two electrons in the same atom can have exactly the same set of quantum numbers.

How do elements arrange in relation to electron configurations?

Elements are arranged by their electron configuration.

What happens to frequency as wavelength decreases if the speed stays the same?

Frequency increases.

What are core electrons?

Electrons in lower energy shells than the valence electrons.