Exam 1 - Pregnancy, labor and delivery

What are the 3 pillars of evidence informed care

best available research

doctor experience

patient preference

infertility is the inability to conceive after how many months of trying

12

1 in ___ women receive fertility services

8

what are some ways to improve fertility through nutrition

omega 3s

protein

vit D

folic acid

what are some sources of:

omega 3

protein

vit D

folic acid

fish, flaxseed oil

plant based protein

sun, supplement

leafy greens, veggies, supplements

what are some factors that can increase chance of pregnancy

healthy body

quit smoking

prenatal vitamins

ovulation tracking

getting adjusted

what are some medical ways to increase fertility

oral medication

intrauterine insemination

in vitro fertilization

3rd part reproduction

when should you refer a woman 35 and under for fertility issues? what about if they are older?

after 1 year of trying

after 6 month of trying

A _____ is a way for parents to communicate wishes to the midwives and doctors who care for them during pregnancy.

birth plan

what is the name for a professional who is an MD or DO that has completed residency in obstetrics and gynecology

OBGYN

what is the name of the provider who is a specialist in care of healthy women anticipating a normal pregnancy and birth. They focus on wellness and encourage family participation

midwife

what is a CNM

certified nurse midwife - needs a bachelors or RN degree

what is a CM

certified midwife - midwife training but no bachelors degree in nursing

what is the name of the provider that offers emotional support and advice for mom and family and suggestions for easing comfort? They are defined as 'A woman who serves'

doula

A surgical procedure to deliver a baby through incisions in the abdomen and uterus

c-section

what are some medical indications for a c-section

complications like placenta previa, fetal distress, breech baby

what is involved in the pre-procedure for a c-section

fasting, IV line, antibiotics, anesthesia to numb lower body

what are the procedure steps for a c-section

1. incision (horizontal above pubic hairline

2. delivery (baby lifted out, cord clamped and cut)

3. placenta removal

4. closure

what are the post-procedures for a c-section

recevery room

hospital stay (3-4 days)

activity restrictions

what are some risks from a c-section

infection, clots, bleeding

potential future pregnancy complications

scarring

what is a VBAC

vaginal birth after cesarean

what is the requirement to be eligible for a VBAC

low-transverse uterine scar

what does the pre-procedure for a VBAC look like

consultation

assessment

birth plan

what does the post-procedure of a VBAC look like

recovery

monitoring

hospital stay (shorter than c-section)

what are the stages of labor and delivery? what is included in each?

1: active labor

2: delivery of baby

3: delivery of placenta

Irregular, non-painful contractions that prepare the body for actual labor

Braxton Hicks/pre labor contractions

describe the characteristics of Braxton Hicks

infrequent and irregular

30 sec-2 minutes

mild

do not intensify with time

when can braxton hicks first start

2nd trimester

what is the purpose of braxton hicks

prepare uterus for labor

soften cervix

What is the cervical dilation associated with Early Labor? Describe the contractions

0-6cm

mild to moderate, irregular

duration of Early Labor (Stage 1)

hours to days

what is the cervical dilation associated with active labor? what are the contractions like?

6-8cm

stronger, regular, 3-5 minutes apart

duration of active labor (stage 1)

4-8 hours

when does the mucus plug release? when does the water usually break?

stage 1

early labor (mucus)

active labor (water)

what is the cervical dilation associated with stage 1 Transition? what are contractions like?

8-10cm

very strong, 2-3 minutes apart, last 60-90 seconds

what is the duration of Transition (stage 1)

30 minutes-2 hours

duration of delivery of baby (stage 2)

minutes-hours

when does delivery of the placenta take place

5-30 minutes after baby is born

when do you start to feel kicks

16-20 weeks

milk production can begin in what trimester

2nd

what skin changes can occur in the 3rd trimester

linea nigra

melasma

striae gravidarum

spider veins