Unit 5.5 Treatments of psychological disorders (PART B)

Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)

Originally developed to treat borderline personality disorders, but now is used for a variety of disorders that involve emotional dysregulation

Rational-Emotive Behavior therapy (REBT)

Focuses on disputing irrational beliefs that lead to negative emotions or self-defeating behaviors

Activate

The external event that causes the client to feel or think in a certain way

Belief

The irrational thought, or automatic beliefs about the event, ourselves, or other people

Consequence

The emotional/behavioral result

Disputation

When the irrational belief is challenged

Effective new belife

When the irrational beliefs have been resisted and a more rational, positive perspective is adopted

Humanistic Therapies

Commonly referred to as person-centered therapy

Unconditional Positive regard

When a person gets complete acceptance and support, regardless of what they think, feel, or do

Self-Actualization

helps clients achieve their full potential and personal growth

Self-Awareness

encouraging clients to explore their own thoughts and feelings

Congruence

When an individuals ideal self and actual experience are consistent with each other

Biological perspective

Focuses on how disorders may come from biological processes, such as imbalances in neurotransmitters, brain structure abnormalities, or genetic factors

Antidepressants

Typically boost levels of serotonin and sometimes noradrenaline to help regulate a person’s mood

Antianxiety drugs

Seeks to enhance the action of GABA, a neurotransmitter that produces a calming effect, thereby reducing anxiety symptoms

Lithium

Helps stabilize mood swings, manly used for bipolar disorder

Antipsychotic medication

Aims to block dopamine receptors to reduce excessive dopamine activity

Tardive Dyskinesia

a movement disorder that is characterized by involuntary, repetitive body movements, which often stems from long-term use of certain antipsychotic medications

Psychosurgery

Involves performing a surgical procedure on the brain, such as lesioning or removing small areas of tissue, is done to alleviate severe psychiatric symptoms

Lobotomy

a surgical procedure that involves severing connections in the brain frontal lobe

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)

Uses magnetic fields to stimulate nerve cells in specific regions of the brain that are typically associated with mood regulation

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)

A medical treatment where small electric currents are passed through the brain to trigger a brief seizure