Biology- Eukaryotic Cell Parts and Functions

Nucleus

Contains genetic material, DNA, and is double membraned

Golgi Apparatus

Stores, modifies, and packages proteins. Distribution of materials synthesized by the cell.

Cell Membrane

Phospholipid bilayer that regulates what enters and exits ALL cells.

Cytoplasm

Water-based solution containing macromolecules and organelles, medium through which organelles move around the cell.

Nucleolus

A small sphere within the nucleus that synthesizes ribosomes.

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Produces lipids for membrane and cell; production of sex hormones detoxification; storage of cations; transport lipid based compounds; release glucose from liver. Is ER without ribosomes.

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Dotted with ribosomes, which help transport proteins about the cell. Is a site of protein synthesis.

Mitochondria

are organelles that carry out respiration. have their own DNA, double membrane, and have their own ribosomes. Move high energy electrons from glucose to ATP.

Centrioles

are associates with nuclear division. Made of microtubules, use for cell division in an animal cell.

Nuclear Membrane

Double, porous structure that protects the DNA. Pores allowed for molecules to move in and out of the nucleus for communication with organelles.

Lysosomes

Membrane bound sac, contain digestive enzymes which help break down macromolecules, highly acidic interior.

Vacuoles

are smaller than those found in plant cells (1 large central vacuole found in plant cells)