Herp Lab quiz 2

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Family Scaphiopodidae

Nearctic spadefoot toads

Scaphiopus holbrookii

Eastern spadefoot

Family Bufonidae

true toads, harlequin frogs

Anaxyrus (Bufo) americanus

American toad

Anaxyrus (Bufo) fowleri

Fowler’s toad

Family Hylidae

Amero-Australian tree frogs

Acris crepitans

Northern cricket frog

Hyla versicolor

gray tree frog

Hyla chrysoscelis

Cope’s gray tree frog

Pseudacris crucifer

Spring peeper

Pseudacris feriarum

Upland chorus frog

Pseudacris triseriata

Western chorus frog

Family Ranidae

True frogs

Lithobates (Rana) catesbeianus

American bullfrog

Lithobates (Rana) clamitans

green frog

Lithobates (Rana) kauffeldi

Atlantic Coast leopard frog

Lithobates (Rana) pipiens

Northern leopard frog

Lithobates (Rana) sphenocephalus

Southern leopard frog

Lithobates (Rana) palustris

pickerel frog

Lithobates (Rana) septentrionalis

mink frog

Lithobates (Rana) sylvaticus

wood frog

Notable families beyond New York

Family Ascaphidae – tailed frogs

Family Leiopelmatidae – New Zealand frogs

Family Bombinatoridae – fire-bellied toads and barbourul

Family Pipidae – African clawed frogs, Suriname toads

More notable families beyond New York

Family Myobatrachidae – Australian ground frogs and turtle frogs

Family Centrolenidae – glass frogs

Family Dendrobatidae – poison frogs

Family Rhacophoridae – Afro-Asian tree frogs

Family Microhylidae – narrow-mouthed frogs

Anuran characteristics

Skeletal features

• fused bones (radioulna, tibiofibula)

• 5-9 presacral vertebrae • caudal vertebrae fused into urostyle

• Two illia

Amplexus

Tadpole morphology

“Gosner stages” delineate embryonic and larval development