Progressivism (1900-1919) & The New Deal (1933-1939)

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Last updated 2:51 AM on 3/19/25
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17 Terms

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Progressivism
A reform movement (1900-1919) responding to problems caused by industrialization, urbanization, and political corruption, aimed at regulating big business, improving working conditions, and expanding democracy.
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Direct Democracy Reforms
Mechanisms like secret ballot, initiative, referendum, and recall that enhance voters' power and reduce political corruption.
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Secret Ballot
A voting method that allows voters to make choices privately, reducing corruption.
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17th Amendment
A constitutional amendment (1913) that established direct election of U.S. Senators.
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19th Amendment
A constitutional amendment (1920) that granted women the right to vote.
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Sherman Antitrust Act
The first federal act (1890) aimed at breaking up monopolies, though it had weak enforcement.
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Clayton Antitrust Act
A 1914 act that strengthened antitrust laws and protected labor unions from being classified as monopolies.
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Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire
A 1911 disaster that led to improved workplace safety laws and labor rights.
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Meat Inspection Act
A law (1906) inspired by Upton Sinclair’s 'The Jungle' that mandated government regulation of meatpacking.
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18th Amendment
A constitutional amendment (1919) that banned the sale and consumption of alcohol, later repealed by the 21st Amendment.
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Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
A New Deal program that provided jobs to young men in national parks and conservation projects.
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Social Security Act
A 1935 law that established pensions for the elderly and unemployment insurance.
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National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA)
A New Deal law that aimed to set fair wages and hours but was later ruled unconstitutional.
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Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
Agency created during the New Deal to insure bank deposits and prevent bank runs.
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Emergency Banking Relief Act
A New Deal act (1933) that declared a bank holiday to stabilize the banking system.
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Effects of the New Deal
Included the expansion of the federal government's role in the economy and the establishment of the modern welfare state.
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Comparison of Progressivism & New Deal
Both addressed economic inequality but differed in approach: Progressivism focused on reforming capitalism while the New Deal embraced government intervention.