General Physics II Practice Flashcards

This set of vocabulary flashcards covers fundamental concepts and constants from General Physics II, including electrostatics, DC/AC circuits, and magnetism based on the 2023/2024 academic session examination.

Coulomb

The standard unit of electric charge.

Electrostatics

The branch of physics that studies electric charges at rest.

Point Charge

A hypothetical charge located at a single point in space, used as a simplification in electromagnetism.

Electric Field

A region of space around a charged object where a force is exerted on other charges; it can be classified as uniform or non-uniform.

Coulomb's Law

A law stating that the force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

Electric potential energy

The energy possessed by a charge due to its position in an electric field.

Electric potential

The amount of work energy needed to move a unit of electric charge from a reference point to a specific point in an electric field.

Root-Mean-Square Value

The effective value of an alternating current ($AC$) that produces the same heating effect as a direct current ($DC$) of the same magnitude.

Peak value of signal

The maximum absolute value of a voltage or current waveform during one cycle.

Angular Frequency

The rate of change of the phase of a sinusoidal waveform, typically measured in radians per second.

Period of a signal

The time required for one complete cycle of a periodic signal to occur.

Ohm's Law

The principle stating that the current passing through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points.

Kirchhoff's Voltage Law

The law stating that the algebraic sum of all electromotive forces and voltage drops around any closed loop in a circuit is zero.

Magnetic force

The force exerted on a moving charge or a current-carrying wire when placed within a magnetic field.

Lorentz force

The total force exerted on a point charge by combined electric and magnetic fields.

Lenz's Law

A law stating that the direction of an induced current is such that it opposes the change in magnetic flux that produced it.

Magnetic dipole moment

A vector quantity that represents the magnetic strength and orientation of a magnet or current loop.

Biot-Savart Law

A law used to calculate the magnetic field generated by a constant electric current.

Ampere's Law

A law relating the integrated magnetic field around a closed loop to the electric current passing through the loop.

Faraday's Law of Induction

A basic law of electromagnetism predicting how a magnetic field will interact with an electric circuit to produce an electromotive force ($emf$).

Coulomb Constant ($K$)

$$9 \times 10^9\,Nm^2/C^2$$

Permeability of free space constant ($S_1$)

$$4ax10^{-7}\,H\,m^{-1}$$

Mass of a proton ($M_1$)

$$1.67 \times 10^{-27}\,kg$$

Elementary charge ($q$)

$$1.6 \times 10^{-19}\,C$$