Solubility Rules, Common Gas Formations, Synthesis Reactions, Decomposition Reactions, and Strong Acids and Bases

Nitrates (NO_3-)

always soluble

Group 1 Metals

always soluble

ClO₃^-and NH_4⁺

always soluble

C2H3O2-

always soluble except with Ag+

Cl-

always soluble except with Ag+, Hg2 2+, Pb 2+

Br- and I-

always soluble except with Ag+, Hg2 2+, Hg2+, Pb 2+

F-

always soluble except with Ca 2+, Sr 2+, Ba 2+, Pb 2+, Mg 2+

SO4 2-

always soluble except with Ca 2+, Sr 2+, Ba 2+, Pb 2+, Hg2 2+, Ag +

CO3 2-, PO4 3-, SO3 2-, C2O4 2-

always insoluble except with group 1 metals and NH4+

CrO4 2-, PO4 3-, SO3 2-, C2O4 2-,

always insoluble except with group 1 metals, NH4+, Ca 2+, Sr2+

OH-

always insoluble except with group 1 metals NH4+, Ca 2+, Sr 2+, Ba 2+

S 2-

always insoluble except with group 1 metals, group 2 metals and NH4+

H₂S

any sulfide (S^2-) plus an acid form H₂S gas and a salt

CO₂

any carbonate (CO₃ ^2- ) plus an acid forms CO₂ (g), H₂O and a salt

SO2

any sulfite (SO3 2-) plus an acid forms SO2 gas water and a salt

NH3

any ammonium (NH4) plus a soluble strong hydroxide (OH-) react upon heating and to form NH3, H2O and salt

NH4OH

will form NH3 (g) and H2O in metathesis rxn

HNO2

will form NO (g), NO2 (g) and H2O (l) in a metathesis reaction

Strong Acids

HCl, HBr, HI, HNO3, HClO4,HClO3, H2SO4

Strong Bases

LiOH, NaOH, KOH, RbOH, CsOH, Ca(OH)2 (only strong base that doesn’t dissociate), Ba(OH)2, Sr(OH)2,