AP GOV Unit 1

what does C. Wright Mills talks about in his book

he said that real power of the US lies in the hands of elites rather than the people and most are highly educated often graduating from prestigious universities

according to pluralist theory government cannot function without

active participation by atleast some citizens

who argues about decreasing civic engagement and social capital

Putnam

most tradeoffs made by governments are about

freedom of speech

1/3 of us presidents have attended what schools

Ivy Leagues

the nation's laws are made primarily by who

well educated white male professionals and businessmen

what is ideaology

set of beliefs and ideals that help shape political policy

who wrote "The Power Elite"

C. Wright Mills

what is latent preferences

a belief that is holded weakly….it can change anytime

direct democracy

a form of government where people participate directly in making government decisions instead of choosing representatives to do this for them

why does the pluralist theory rejects the approach by the elite theory government

the theory believes that political power is distributed throughout society rather than in the hands of individuals

ideology

the beliefs and ideals that help to shape political opinion and eventually policy

what does the pluralist theory state how the government politicies are shaped

bottom to up not from up to bottom

intense preferences

beliefs and preferences based on strong feelings regarding an issue that someone adheres to over time

monarchy

a form of government where one ruler, usually a hereditary one, holds political power

what is fracking

Fracking is a way to get oil or gas from deep underground by pumping water and chemicals into rocks to crack them open, so the fuel can come out more easily.

latent preferences

beliefs and preferences people are not deeply committed to and that change over time

toll good

a good that is available to many people but is used only by those who can pay the price to do so

oligarchy

a form of government where a handful of elite society members hold political power

political power

influence over a government’s institutions, leadership, or policies

goverment

the means by which a society organizes itself and allocates authority in order to accomplish collective goals

what is a flat tax

everyone pay the same percentage rate

pluralist theory

claims political power rests in the hands of groups of people

what is social capital

Social capital is the value we get from trusting and helping each other—like when neighbors share tools or friends connect you with a job. It’s about relationships that make life and work easier.

politics

the process by which we decide how resources will be allocated and which policies government will pursue

common goods

goods that all people may use but that are of limited supply

majority rule

a fundamental principle of democracy; the majority should have the power to make decisions binding upon the whole

partisanship

strong support, or even blind allegiance, for a particular political partyclaims political power rests in the hands of groups of people

minority rule

protections for those who are not part of the majority

What goods are available to all without direct payment?

public goods

what is the opposite about latent preferences

intense preferences

Which of the following is a good example of a tradeoff?

The government pleases environmental activists by reintroducing wolves to Yellowstone National Park but angers ranchers by placing their cattle in danger.

democracy

a form of government where political power rests in the hands of the people

public goods

goods provided by government that anyone can use and that are available to all without charge

what do many americans fear about

elite citizens is really in charge of government in USA and others have no influence

representative democracy

a form of government where voters elect representatives to make decisions and pass laws on behalf of all the people instead of allowing people to vote directly on laws

what is the pluralist theory of government?

political power rests with competing interest groups who share influence in goverment

what is partisanship

tendency to identify with and to support a partucular political party

totalitarianism

a form of government where government is all-powerful and citizens have no rights

what is elite theory government

small group of elites control the country regardless of the democratic structure

social capital

connections with others and the willingness to interact and aid them

examples of absolute monarchy

saudi arabia,qatar and UAE

elite theory

claims political power rests in the hands of a small, elite group of people

difference between dictatorship and totalitarianism

dictatorship mainly deals with political problems where as totalitarianism deals with all parts of people's lives

private goods

goods provided by private businesses that can be used only by those who pay for them

example of totalitarianism

North Korea

what is totalitarianism

government is more important than the citizens and it controls all aspects of citizens lives..one person or group has power over everything

what is the purpose of voting and other forms of political engagement

to ensure that the government serves the people and not the other way around

what is sustainability

Sustainability means using resources wisely so future generations can meet their needs without depletion or harm.

what did adam smith theorize about capitalism

lead to prosperity for all

what did the british colonists fight for

to govern themselves

what is one of the main things that governments regulate in common goods

fish so that it is not fished into existence

examples of toll goods

cable tv and private school

what was an important requirement that was removed during the early 19th century that helped the poor to also vote

removal of property requirement

what is political power

influence over instituitions,leader, and policies rests in the hands of the people

so what was created in 1776

democracy and capitalism

what did adam smith envision capitalism to be

completely unregulated by the government

what is oligarchy

only member of a certain political part or ruling elite can participate in a government

what does the term government mean

society organizes itself and how it allocates authority in order to accomplish collective goals and benefit the society as a whole needs

what is a direct democracy

people participate directly in making government desicions instead of choosing representatives to do it on their behalf

what else does socialist governments own

electricity,transportation systems,railroads and telecommunication systems

what is representative democracy

people for experts or representatives who looks at their interest and votes someone

what is individual liberty

an individual's freedom

what is socialism

economic system where factories,banks and farms are owned by the government and not by private individuals

what is the most common government type in socialist countries

oligarchy

what does the term politics mean

how people gain power and use it to influence and change society for its benefit

what are minority rights

people cannot be deprive of certain rights even if a majority of people thinks that they should be

goods by private businesses are called

private goods

who had to right to make law to govern the people

the representatives chosen by the people

what can the government of usa best described as

republic or representative democracy

what did adam smith argue about

people should be allowed to operate as they wish and keep the proceeds of their work

what is an example of oligarchy government

china

what would happen to fish population if goverments would not interfere

certain fish population would decline and become extinct

what is common goods

goods that all people may use free of charge that are of limited supply such as fish in the sea or clean drinking water

what is the simple definition of politics

who gets what and how

meaning of allocate

distribute resources or duties for a specific purpose

what does the government do with the wealth they accumulated from socialism

redistributes it to its citizens

what is an important feature of democracy

right of citizens to participate in government

who was john locke

english political philosopher of the 17th century

what does successfull capitalists do

prefer political systems where they exert some influece to maintain their freedom and wealth

what did john locke say

all people have natural right to life,liberty and property

example of public goods

national security and education

what do most government commonly provide

education,health care and infrastructure for transportation

what is egalitarian

equal and same treatment for all

what is capitalism

Capitalism is an economic system where individuals and businesses own resources, compete in free markets, and aim to generate profit with minimal government control.

what is representative democracy

citizens do not govern directly instead they elect representatives to make desicions and pass laws on behalf of all the people

what is one of the most common ways that governments regulate publice

common goods like natural supplies

so what did the people take from john locke's saying

people should be free to consent to being governed

what are protected in representative governments such as the United States

minority rights

what did adam smith believe in

all people should be free to acquire property in any way that they wished

what is individualism

philosophy of personal freedom,self reliece and independent

what are toll goods

goods that are available to everyone but you have pay a fee

what book did adam smith write

The Wealth of Nations

what do most representative goverments favor

majority rule

who was adam smith

scottish philosopher

what is political engagement

reading about politics,listening to news reports,discussing politics,attending or watching political debates and donating money to political campaigns

what is a referendum

proposed law

after how many years of john locke's death was adam smith born

19

goods or services that are available to all without charge are called

public goods

why do governments regulate common goods

it has a limited supply and not everyone can use it