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31 Terms

1

Ecosystem

A natural community of plants, animals, and other organisms and the physical environment in which they live and interact.

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2

Habitat

The place in the environment where a plant or animal lives.

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3

Atmosphere

A mixture of gases, such as nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide, that surrounds the Earth.

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4

Weather

The current conditions of the atmosphere at a particular place and time, including temperature, humidity, and precipitation.

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5

Precipitation

Any moisture that falls to Earth, such as rain, snow, hail, sleet, or mist.

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6

Climate

The pattern of weather over a long period of time.

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7

Global Climate

The average climate of the entire Earth.

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8

Climate Change

A significant change in the climate over time.

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9

Fossil Fuel

An energy-rich substance created from dead plant and animal material trapped between layers of rock.

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10

Coal

A dark-colored rock mined from the Earth’s surface that can be burned to create energy.

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11

Oil

A dark-colored liquid that can be refined into gasoline, diesel, asphalt, and plastics.

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12

Natural Gas

An odorless, colorless gas found in the Earth.

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13

Greenhouse Gas

A gas that traps heat in the atmosphere; examples include carbon dioxide and methane.

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14

Water Vapor

Water present in the atmosphere as gas and an example of a greenhouse gas.

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15

Carbon Dioxide

A colorless, odorless gas released from burning fossil fuels.

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16

Methane

A colorless, odorless gas produced from decaying plants and animals.

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17

Ozone

A gas made up of three atoms of oxygen that protects the Earth's surface from ultraviolet radiation.

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18

Ultraviolet Radiation

Invisible radiation from the sun that can cause sunburn and skin cancer.

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19

Greenhouse Effect

The process by which greenhouse gases trap heat in the atmosphere.

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20

Global Warming

The gradual increase in Earth's temperature due to greenhouse gas accumulation.

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21

Adaptation

Human actions that respond to climate change to minimize its effects.

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22

Mitigation

Actions taken to decrease the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

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23

Carbon footprint

The total amount of greenhouse gases released by an individual or organization each year.

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24

Renewable Resource

A natural resource that can be regrown or produced as fast as it is being used.

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25

Extreme Weather Event

Severe weather such as a blizzard or tornado.

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26

Drought

A period of unusually dry weather causing water shortages.

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27

Infectious Disease

An illness caused by organisms that enter and grow in the human body.

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28

Invasive Species

A non-native organism introduced into an environment, often harming native species.

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29

Pollutant

A substance that contaminates the air or water.

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30

Allergen

A substance that causes allergies.

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31

Asthma

A disease that affects the lungs and makes it difficult to breathe.

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