BIO 72
Call Kai
Learn
Practice Test
Spaced Repetition
Match
Flashcards
Knowt Play1/68
There's no tags or description
Looks like no tags are added yet.
Name | Mastery | Learn | Test | Matching | Spaced | Call with Kai | Chat |
|---|
No analytics yet
Send a link to your students to track their progress
69 Terms
The cell membrane is most permeable to
potassium
3 multiple choice options
The ion found in high concentration inside the cell cytoplasm
potassium
3 multiple choice options
The equilibrium potential for K+ is
-90mV
2 multiple choice options
Intracellular Na+ concentration is lower than the extracellular Na+ concentration
True
2 multiple choice options
A resting membrane potential of -70 mV prevents any diffusion of Na+ into the cell.
False
2 multiple choice options
A neuron at rest has both Na+ and K+ concentrations in equilibrium across the membrane.True
False
2 multiple choice options
Neurons can
all of these
3 multiple choice options
'Voltage regulated' means that the membrane
gates are controlled by changes in membrane potential
3 multiple choice options
Arrange the events of an action potential in the proper order:
1. membrane depolarization 2. K+ gates open 3. K+ gates close
4. Na+ gates open 5. Na+ gates close 6. Membrane repolarization
145263
3 multiple choice options
Which statement about action potential is false?
the membrane potential does not exceed 0 mV
3 multiple choice options
When a stronger stimulus is applied to a neuron
identical action potentials are formed more frequently
2 multiple choice options
As the intensity of the stimulus increases, the frequency of action potentials ____________ and the amount of neurotransmitter released ____________,
increases, increases
3 multiple choice options
Which of the following is NOT a property of chemically regulated channels?
they respond to membrane potential changes
3 multiple choice options
Voltage-regulated gates which initiate the formation of action potentials are located on the
axon hillock
3 multiple choice options
The action potential arriving at the end of the axon will appear different from the one generated at the beginning of the axon.
False
2 multiple choice options
The relative refractory period occurs while K+ gates are closed.
False
2 multiple choice options
Neurons are excitable and they make connections with other cells. Which of the following is also excitable?
skeletal muscles
3 multiple choice options
Which of the following is Trueif ?
if a chemical binds to a receptor to open a gate, we are actually changing the tertiary structure of the channel protein
3 multiple choice options
Membrane potential is negative when the inside of the cell is less positive compared to the outside.
True
2 multiple choice options
When a neuron is at rest, which of the following are TRUE? Choose all that apply
There is a charge gradient for negative vs positive charges.
Some channels are always open for potassium
There is an voltage gradient ... of high to low for sodium and another for potassium
Ion channels are closed for sodium
1 multiple choice option
Which statement about sensory receptor cells is FALSE? (Hint: you may need to read the slides that I skipped over)
Each type of sensory receptor responds only to the stimulus that defines the receptor.
3 multiple choice options
A graded potential within a sensory receptor cell is a(n)
receptor potential
3 multiple choice options
Which is/are responsible for a receptor adapting to a stimulus?
Na+ channel inactivation or K+ channel opening
3 multiple choice options
Tonic receptors ______________________.
slowly decrease the frequency of action potentials generated to a constant stimulus
3 multiple choice options
A decrease in perception of a stimulus whose intensity has not changed due to higher neural inhibition is
habituation
3 multiple choice options
The two-point discrimination test is used to measure
receptive field size for touch receptors
3 multiple choice options
Large receptive fields with neurons more spread out are correlated with higher sensitivity.
False
2 multiple choice options
The corticospinal tract is an ascending sensory pathway that carries information from touch, pressure, and pain signals.
False
2 multiple choice options
The receptors of equilibrium and hearing are the
hair cells
2 multiple choice options
With the exception of olfaction, all sensory pathways first travel to the ________, which acts as a relay and processing station.
thalamus
3 multiple choice options
Put these structures of the visual system in the order that they transmit visual information from the retina. 1. optic disk 2. visual cortex of the occipital lobe 3. optic chiasm 4. lateral geniculate body of the thalamus
1, 3, 4, 2
3 multiple choice options
Which of these is not TRUE for the efferent nervous system?
receptors
2 multiple choice options
Which of the following is TRUE for a motor unit?
motor neurons that exit the ventral portion of the spinal column
3 multiple choice options
When comparing somatic efferent vs autonomic efferents, which are true for the somatic efferent?
includes posture and balance
2 multiple choice options
When comparing diffuse varicosities to a neuromuscular junction... the neurotransmitter released in both cases is the SAME neurotransmitter
False
2 multiple choice options
The somatic nervous system versus the autonomic nervous system has which of these in common?
refers to motor efferent neurons.
2 multiple choice options
The neurotransmitter acetylcholine is released by the neurons at the neuroeffector junction for both the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems.
False
2 multiple choice options
Which of the following is FALSE about the adrenal medulla?
produces steroid hormones
is found in both parsympathetic and sympathetic reactions
2 multiple choice options
Sympathetic tone is the regulation of blood vessel diameter due to increasing or decreasing frequency of action potentials.
True
2 multiple choice options
The abrupt ending of this video IS NOT a problem, because I intend to address the acetylcholine and norepinephrine receptors in the next video.
True
2 multiple choice options
From what you see in this slide, which of the following is/are true?
The type of receptors for acetylcholine are called cholinergic receptors.
Preganglionic Ach will bind to nicotinic receptors.
Cholinergic receptors are found in both sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons.
Postganglioniic Ach will bind to muscarinic receptors
2 multiple choice options
Cholinergic nicotinic receptors are found in _________________
the autonomic ganglia
2 multiple choice options
Thinking about adrenergic receptors, which of the following is TRUE?
the alpha 1 and alpha 2 receptors have the effect of increasing heart rate and breathing rate while decreasing digestive system activity
2 multiple choice options
Which combination is true for the parasympathetic response for decreasing heart rate?
acetylcholine, muscarinic receptors
3 multiple choice options
The autonomic control centers for parasympathetic system includes the motor cortex and the cerebellum
False
1 multiple choice option
The medications for asthma and hypertension, are known to target the sympathetic receptor sites. For asthma, the use of albuterol is a sympathomimetic agent.
True
2 multiple choice options
(As a review of the two ANS videos-- I want you think this through...) Sweat glands have cholinergic receptors.
True
2 multiple choice options
(As a review of the two ANS videos-- I want you think this through...) For blood vessel diameter... sympathetic tone is determined by the rate of action potentials.
False
2 multiple choice options
Which of the following is NOT a catecholamine?
acetylcholine
3 multiple choice options
Which of the followng is NOT a collateral ganglion?
cervical
3 multiple choice options
Which of the following are NOT cholinergic neurons?
postganglionic sympathetic fibers
3 multiple choice options
Which of the following is NOT true about parasympathetic neurons?
they may synapse in paravertebral ganglia
2 multiple choice options
Which of the following is NOT true about sympathetic neurons?
they emerge from the CNS in the cranial and sacral regions
3 multiple choice options
Which system is NOT innvervated by postaganglionic fibers from the collateral ganglia?
respiratory
3 multiple choice options
The effects of sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation on the digestive tract are
antagonistic
2 multiple choice options
Which of the following tissues is not an effector innervated by autonomic motor neurons?
skeletal muscle
3 multiple choice options
Which of the following is NOT a B-adrenergic response?
constriction of vascular smooth muscle
3 multiple choice options
Which of the following is innervated ONLY by the sympathetic nervous system?
all of these
2 multiple choice options
Which part of the brain most directly controls autonomic activity?
the medulla oblongata
3 multiple choice options
Sympahetic preganglionic neurons synapse in either paravertebral or collateral ganglia.
True
2 multiple choice options
Neurons whose cell bodies are found in the medulla oblongata and whose axons are found within cranial nerves are parasympathetic neurons.
True
2 multiple choice options
Parasympathetic stimulation of pacemaker cells increases heart rate
False
2 multiple choice options
Nicotinic and muscarinic receptors are both able to bind to ACh.
True
2 multiple choice options
Cholinergic effects of preganglionic autonomic neurons may be either excitatory or inhibitory.
False
1 multiple choice option
Binding of NE with a-adrenergic receptors typically causes blood vessels to constrict.
True
2 multiple choice options
Sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons typically release different neurotransmitters from their postganglionic axons.
True
1 multiple choice option
Muscarinic receptors are adrenergic receptors that are stimulated by extracts from poisonous mushrooms.
False
1 multiple choice option
Sympathetic innervation of sweat glands is unusual because these neurons release acetylcholine instead of norepinephrine.
True
2 multiple choice options
Still learning (3)
You've started learning these terms. Keep it up!