The Renaissance, Modernity, and the Information Age

Flashcards about the influence of orality and writing in the Renaissance, Modernity, and the Information Age.

How did oral communication influence the Renaissance?

It facilitated the spread of new humanist ideas and promoted a spirit of inquiry through speeches, sermons, and public debates.

What literary genres were influenced by orality during the Renaissance?

Genres like the novel and theater, prioritizing colloquial speech and dialogues, were influenced by orality.

Name some key figures who disseminated information orally during the Renaissance.

Key figures included minstrels, troubadours, vagrants, merchants, preachers, official town criers, and literate individuals.

What types of books predominated during the Renaissance?

Religious books were predominant, along with materials for teaching, professional development, and humanist literature such as Dante's 'The Divine Comedy'.

What were the key characteristics of modernity (17th-18th centuries)?

Centralization of political, economic, social, and cultural life, Racionalism, Secularization, emphasis on reason, logic and science.

How did the mode of production progress during the Modern Era?

The capitalist mode of production progressed, evolving manufactures into factories and introducing machinery into production processes.

What characterized the social sphere during modernity?

Social antagonisms aggravated by religious contradictions, wars, and revolutions were evident.

What characterized the cultural sphere during modernity?

The culture of the Enlightenment, the spread of French language and lifestyle, and the development of modern philosophical thought.

What was the significance of the French Enlightenment?

It emphasized reason, science, and progress, paving the way for the French Revolution.

What was the outcome of the Bourgeois Revolution in England?

It marked the transition from an absolutist monarchy to a parliamentary monarchy.

What was the impact of the Industrial Revolution?

It transformed agricultural societies into industrial ones, with the development of new technologies and energy sources.

What principles were proclaimed by the French Revolution of 1789?

The principles of liberty, equality, and fraternity were proclaimed.

What communication-related impacts did the Bourgeois Revolution in England have?

Proclamation of freedom of the press and opinion, leading to the rise of the modern press.

How did the Industrial Revolution impact communication?

It led to a shift from a rural to a mechanized economy, forming a new working class and innovating technologies like the steam engine.

What was the aim of the French Enlightenment regarding communication?

To combat feudal ideology and religious superstitions by promoting freedom of thought and the power of reason.

How did the French Revolution utilize communication?

By using publications like almanacs and songbooks to involve the masses and promoting freedom of the press, leading to a surge in periodical publications.

What changes did the French Revolution bring to libraries and archives?

Confiscation of religious properties, creation of public libraries, centralizing collections, and reorganizing catalogs.

What guidelines for a National Archive were established during the French Revolution?

Creation of a national archive administration, public access to documents, and jurisdiction over government records.

How were archival documents viewed during the French Revolution?

As fundamental for maintaining the history and culture of the old society and establishing the new.

What was the approach towards managing library collections in the late 1700s?

To centralize confiscated collections, process them, and open them to the public.

What was Gabriel Naudé's contribution to library science?

Author of 'Advice on Establishing a Library' (1627). Set the stage for modern library science; Defended the idea of free access (universal library); Advocated for opening private libraries to the public and creating recommended reading lists.

What factors led to changes in information formats and uses during modernity?

The need for an educated workforce, population growth and urbanization, advancements in papermaking, printing, increased newspaper circulation, and the rise of telegraphic news agencies.

What document types were developed during the Modern Era?

Administrative documents, managerial documents, and documents related to local and national development, along with scientific communications.

What types of libraries coexisted in the 17th-18th centuries?

University libraries, libraries of patrons, libraries of the small bourgeoisie, professional libraries, National Libraries, associative libraries, and popular libraries.

What role did Antonio Panizzi play in library history?

Director of British Museum Library, Creator of the 91 rules of Cataloging (1841) for books, maps and music

What is the custodial approach in archival science?

An approach characterized by historicism, preservation of cultural heritage, positivism, and control of access through norms and procedures.

What were the functions of custodial libraries/archives?

Instruction and education; documentation of historical events; consultation for researchers and historians.

What technologies were employed in library work during the 19th century?

Microphotography for easy copying and reflectography to increase collection volumes.

What factors contributed to the growth of specialized libraries?

Increase in scientific knowledge, development of bibliography, specialization of knowledge, and new scientific publications.

What characterized university libraries in the 20th century?

Supporting teaching, funding research, increasing fund allocations, and cooperation among libraries.

What is the Institute of Information Scientists?

Located in Great Britain, it was founded in 1958