Bio Unit 2 Animal Physiology Chp. 1: Food and digestion

Why do we eat food?

-For energy 

-Provide growth 

-Fight diseases and keep bodies healthy

OBJQ

What nutrients are found in a balanced diet?

-Carbohydrates 

-Fats (Lipids)

-Protein 

-Vitamin

-Minerals

-Dietary fibre 

-Water

Part of OBJQ

Explain about carbohydrates, including their source, basic compound, basic elements, and explain 3 types with function

Source→sticky substances 

Basic compound→glucose 

Basic elements→carbon, hydrogen, oxygen 

3 types 

Monosaccharide (monomer) 

-Glucose, Galactose, Fructose

Disaccharide (dimer) 

-Maltose, Lactose, Sucrose 

Polysaccharide (polymer) 

-Starch, Cellulose, Glycogen

Function: Provide energy

Starch, maltose and glucose formula

         Salivary/pancreatic amylase

Starch —-----------------------------------------> Maltose

                  Small intestine/mouth 

                           Maltase 

Maltose —-----------------------------------> Glucose 

                        Small intestine

Where is glycogen stored in animals?

Liver and muscle

OBJR 

Explain plant nutrition and storage using photosynthesis

Plants use CO2 and H2O to make glucose and O2

Glucose produced after photosynthesis is later stored as starch, cellulose (cell wall) or sucrose (in fruit)

Part of OBJQ

Explain the functions of dietary fibre

Prevent constipation, which can later develop into cancer

Promote peristalsis 

Formation of faeces