Module 1 - Historical Antecedents and Industrial Revolution

Material Form and Information Form

What are the Two aspects of Technology

Material Form

i.e.,machineries, equipments, tools, factories, structures, and others usually considered as HARDWARE

Information Form

i.e., patents, blueprints, diagrams, formulae, technical expertise, or skill and other usually considered as SOFTWARE

Ancient Times, The Middle Ages, Early Modern Era, and Late Modern Era to Contemporary

What are the four periods of history?

Before Christ

The term “B.C.” means/represents?

Anno Domini or In the year of our Lord

The initials “A.D.” refers to?

2.5 million years ago - 5000 years ago

Which years are considered as Prehistory?

Prehistory

This is when the 1st early humans and invention of writing systems appeared

Stone Age

Prehistory encompasses the _____ ___, the time when early humans began using stone tools

Make fire

Arguably one of the most important inventions in the history of humanity was discovered during the prehistoric times, this is the ability to?

Fire

This discovery led to the creation of modern day humans

Ancient History

Time period in history between origins of human civilization and fall of ancient empires

Ancient History

The Bronze Age started in what part of History?

Bronze age

This marks a movement from humans using stone tools to the namesake “next frontier”

Ancient history

The Iron age also falls under what category of history

Iron age

After the stone and bronze ages, what came next? this is were the emergence of iron tools started

Mesopotamia, Ancient Egypt, Indus Valley Civilization, Ancient China, Ancient Greece, and Ancient Rome

What are the 6 most well known and largest ancient civilizations?

Ancient sumer or the Cradle of civilization

Mesopotamia is also known as?

Mesopotamia

This ancient civilization shows the earliest evidence for human civilization and emergence of urban centers

Iraq

Mesopotamia is now located in modern day?

The Byzantine Empire

After the Fall of Rome, this was a continuation of its empire in the East. This Empire from the Medival Period became a leading civilization and its capital, constantinople, a center for trade.

The Islamic Golden Age

During the Middle ages, islam grew larger, conquering parts of the middle east. During the golden age, Baghdad was the world’s largest city and there were impressive cultural and economic developments

Anglo-Saxon England

England was devided into various kingdoms until it was united. This age of England was dominated by the namesake(_______ ______) which were a Germanic group who migrated to england

The Viking age

This period marked the large-scale raiding of Britain and large parts of Europe by Scandinavian Norsemen. Voyaging as far as North America, Vikings settled in Britain and other parts of Europe, co-existing with Anglo-Saxons.

The Crusades

This was when the catholic church began military expeditions to spread the influence of Christianity and claim the Holy Land in the Middle East, under the control of Muslims. Religion became increasingly important and influential.

The Renaissance

The time period in history that saw increased European explorations, the invention of the printing press, and the development of international trade. There is significant economic, political, cultural and religious developments across the world, with military expansion occurring alongside increasing conflict between nations.

The Printing press by Johannes Gutenberg in 1450

The most significant invention during the renaissance? Made by who? and in what year?

Age of Exploration

Age where europe embarked on extensive overseas exploration. The Americas were discovered and colonialism becomes an important part of European countries’ politics.

The Age of Revolution

The years 1750 - 1945 are also known as?

Industrial Revolution

Developments in manufacturing, including machinery and factory systems across Europe and the United States began around 1760. This revolutionized the industry, the economy and increased the population significantly.

Victorian Era

Britain experienced industrial progress, the first railroad line and significant changes to politics and society.

World War I

The Allied powers fought against Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire. This led to the fall of dynasties and further destruction and war.

World War II

Fought between the Allies and the Axis. This resulted in millions of deaths, due to the conflict and the Holocaust. The war resulted in the fall of Nazi Germany, the creation of the United Nations and the beginning of the Cold War.

Contemporary History

The years 1945 to present day is considered as?

Cold War

Refers to the increasing tension between the USA and the Soviet Union. This involved no fighting between the two, but the two remained oppose due to the US being democratic and the Soviet Union being communist.

Space Age

The competition between the United States and the Soviet Union to see who could achieve spaceflight and reach the Moon first. After this, space exploration continued to progress and develop.

Digital Information Age

Is defined by the significant development of computer, informational and digital technology and the shift this caused within the economy

Singularity

A term coined by John von Neumann, a major figure in the history of computer science.

Singularity

The concept refers to a hypothetical time when computers become more intelligent than humans and can improve themselves without our input. Eventually, humans will no longer be able to compete. When technological growth becomes uncontrollable and irreversible, resulting in unforeseeable changes to human civilization.

Industrial Revolution

Was a period of tremendous change in Britain, which lasted from around 1750 until around 1900. In this period of 150 years, almost every aspect of life in Britain changed.

150 years

How many years did the industrial revolution take place?

Rural, industrialised

It was the birth of the modern world and Britain changed from a _____ country with small industries to a highly ___________ and wealthy nation.

Industry

is a collection of companies all involved in the same type of production or business

cottage industries

The fastest transport for most people was a horse and cart. Most industry, like pottery and weaving, was done at home. They were called ‘_______ _________’ because goods were manufactured in homes, usually
cottages.

agricultural, livestock

Before the Industrial Revolution, Britain was an __________ country. Most people lived on farms, growing their own produce and raising their own _________.

steam engine

After the Industrial Revolution, Britain was a country that had changed hugely. Industry had been transformed by key inventions, such as the _____ ______, which led to the establishment of factories all over the country.

canals, roads and railways, 30 million

Transporting people and goods across the country became much faster with the development of ______, _______, and _______. The population of Britain had boomed to around __ ______people, according to the 1901 census.

coal and steam

The Industrial Revolution occurred because people realised they could use ____ and _____ to power large machines

Spinning Jenny

This machine spun eight spindles instead of just one, making spinning thread quicker and more efficient. Before this invention, thread would be spun by hand as part of a cottage industry

Telephone - Alexander Graham Bell

This invention allowed people to communicate with each other

The London Underground

Transported people on electrified trains in London

Automobile - Karl Benz

The first one of its kind meant that people could travel to place faster

Passenger Steam Locomotive

This led to the building of railway networks, which connected towns and cities

Steam Engine - James Watt

A machine using steam energy to power factories, flour mills, cotton mills, canals, and waterworks

Electric Lamp - Joseph Swan

This allowed people to light their homes with more reliable lighting

1825

When was the first passenger railway built?

Railway mania

What happened to Britain in the 1840s due to the advent of passenger railways?

Overcrowded and polluted

What was life like in industrialized towns during the industrial revolution in britain?

Migration

Done by people from the country side due to the increasing productivity and manpower demands of the cities.

Industrialised

Lots of people producing different goods in one area

Rural

Other word for the countryside

Livestock

Other word for farm animals

Agricultural

Land that is used for farming

Migrating

Moving to a different area to find work or better living conditions