Aerobic Gram Positive Rods

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27 Terms

1
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Listeria monocytogenes

- found in contaminated ?

-usually affects ?

-clin manif?

  • dairy, veg, meat, non-pasteurized cheeses → can grow in cold temp

  • neonates, pregnant women, immunocompromised (transplant pt)

  • flu-like symptoms, sepsis, meningitis, granulomatosis infantisepticum

2
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L. monocytogenes can facultatively persist/multiply in __.

Other bacti?

monophages & macrophages (mono!)

Mycobacteria, Brucella, Legionella, Salmonella, Francisella, Yersinia

3
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L. monocytogenes morphology

short GPR, non-spore

small, grey, translucent w/narrow zone of beta-hem (identical col morph to GBS)

4
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L. monocytogenes

catalase ?

esculin hydrolysis?

CAMP test?

motility?

catalase + (r/o GBS, also GPR not cocci)

esculin hydrolysis, hippurate hydrolysis, CAMP test = positive

tumbling motility in broth

semisolid media → umbrella

5
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Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

found in (major resovoir?) → major exposures in?

causes __

cattle, horses, dogs, fish, poultry, rodents; pigs major resovoir → occupational ie farmers, fisherman, butchers

erysipeloid (form of cellulitis); may cause septicemia, endocarditis

6
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Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae ID
- morph

-biochemical?

  • short, slender, straight or curved GPR

  • 2 col morph from same specimen!!: small, weakly alpha-hemo, OR larger spreading

  • bottle brush look in gelatin agar

  • catalase neg

  • TSI slant (or KIA agar) → prod H2S → black = +

7
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<p>TSI slant (H2S test)</p>

TSI slant (H2S test)

diff Erysip. rhusiopathiae from other GPR

H2S (Erysip. rhusiopathiae prod) + ferrous ammonium sulfate → black +

inoculate tube w/needle stab/streak → incubate overnight 35C w/ cap loosened → add lead acetone paper to detect H2S gas

pos = black

neg = no black precipitate

8
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Lactobacillus ssp

  • found where?

  • key role in?

normal flora of human vagina, GI tract, oropharynx

dairy, meats, grain products

fights against Candida vaginitis, bacterial vaginosis, UTI, STDs

9
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Lactobacillus sp

morph

biochem

long, slender, or short coccobacilli, often chains, or spiral

col: pinpoint, a-hem, white, large

catalase = neg

10
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Corynebacterium sp (aka __)

morph

found where?

pleomorphic, non-spore, GPR; may have club-shape or striations; V or L formations, palisading

widely found in soil, water

normal flora of human skin & mucous membranes

<p>pleomorphic, non-spore, GPR; may have club-shape or striations; V or L formations, palisading</p><p>widely found in soil, water</p><p>normal flora of human skin &amp; mucous membranes </p>
11
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Corynebacterium diptheriae

-symptoms

-produces ___ that attacks ___.

-febrile illness, pseudomembrane forms on oropharynx

-exotoxin; heart, central/peripheral nervous system, liver, kidneys

**only exotoxin produced if strain carries beta-corynephage

infects the i-compromised

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Corynebacterium diptheriae media

need agar w/ cystine & potassium tellurite

  • cystine-tellurite agar or modified Tinsdale medium) → black colony w/brown halo

Loeffler’s serum slant: methylene blue stain → stains metachromatic granules → all Corynebacterium sp + → not recc’d

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Corynebacterium diptheriae

biochem?

must be tested for ___ to conclusively call C. diptheriae

DM biochem!

ELEK immunoprecipitate test (immunodiffusion)

<p>DM biochem!</p><p>ELEK immunoprecipitate test (immunodiffusion)</p>
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other important diptheroid is ___

  • like Staph. epidermidis, causes infns from ___

  • Abx

  • lipophilic → grows better w/___

Coryne. jeikeium

infn of indwelling medical devices, bacteremia

Tween 80

15
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Arcanobacterium haemolyticum

clin manif?

assoc’d w/ acute pharyngitis in children & young adults → self-limiting infn → don’t need to treat w/Abx ; may also cause sepsis, endocarditis, cutaneous ulcers

16
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Arcanobacterium haemolyticum

morph

biochem test

col: similar to beta-hem Strep

delicate, irregular GPR, some branching

reverse CAMP test = pos (inhibits hemolysis of Staph aureus)

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reverse CAMP test

requires CAMP S.aureus for beta-lysin

pos = red arrows (inhibition of hemolysis) towards Staph streak → Arcano. haemolyticum

<p>requires CAMP S.aureus for beta-lysin</p><p>pos = red arrows (inhibition of hemolysis) towards Staph streak → Arcano. haemolyticum</p>
18
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Gardnerella vaginalis clinical significance

-what test can be done by the clinician to rapidly test for bact vaginosis?

bacterial vaginosis → no single organism responsible

-no WBC in GS

-malodorous vaginal discharge

-inc in G. vaginalis & anaerobes & dec in normal Lactobacilli

-clue cells seen

KOH sniff test - smell ammonium smell

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G. vaginalis

morph

biochem tests

Gram variable rods

col: beta-hem on V agar (human blood) & non-hem on SBA

oxidase = neg

catalase = neg

hippurate hydrolysis = pos

<p><mark data-color="yellow">Gram variable rods</mark></p><p><mark data-color="yellow">col: beta-hem on V agar (human blood) &amp; non-hem on SBA</mark></p><p></p><p>oxidase = neg</p><p>catalase = neg</p><p>hippurate hydrolysis = pos</p>
20
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Bacillus sp. morph & biochem

col: large, spreading, gray-white, irregular margins; many beta-hemo

GPR (easily overdecolorized)

mostly catalase = pos

speciation is based on cell morph, size, spore shape/location, biochem test

<p>col: large, spreading, gray-white, irregular margins; many beta-hemo</p><p>GPR (easily overdecolorized)</p><p>mostly catalase = pos<br></p><p>speciation is based on cell morph, size, spore shape/location, biochem test</p>
21
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Bacillus anthracis importance

  • found in ___

agent of anthrax → bioterrorism → development of Laboratory Response Network

herbaceous animals

22
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B. anthracis most common form: ___

cutaneous form

a slow healing painless ulcer w/black eschar & serosanguineous discharge

23
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B. anthracis other high mortality forms (80-90% if untreated): ___ & ____

pulmonary (woolsorter’s disease)

  • caused by inhaling endospores

  • hemorrhagic mediastinal adenitis (chest infn)

gastrointestinal

  • contaminated meats

  • fever, bloody vomiting, bloody stool

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<p>B. anthracis morph &amp; how to r/o?</p>

B. anthracis morph & how to r/o?

large GPR w/ovoid NON-swollen endospores, bamboo-like

col: flat, irregular, non-hem on SBA, “medusa-head”, ground-glass color

non-motile (not performed anymore)

if suspect → sent to PH lab

can treat with penicillin

25
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Bacillus cereus: 2 enterotoxins (food poisoning)

short incubation (1-6 hr): vomiting, heat-stable, assoc’d w/fried rice!

long incubation (8-16hr): diarrhea, heat-labile, assoc’d w/meat, vet, cake, dairy (non-cooked)

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B. cereus ID differs from B. anthracis in __ ?

motile, beta-hem, B-lactamase → penicillin-R

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B. cereus clin manif

assoc’d w/operations, burns, IVDA

cause sepsis, endocarditis, meningitis, necrotizing pneumonia