IMAGING FULL 13/13 IN SHA ALLAH
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173 Terms
Why does the heart appear slightly larger on an AP image than on a PA image
The heart is closer to the X-ray source and farther from the detector
Why is the X-ray beam angled upward in an apical lordotic view of the chest
To visualize lung apices without clavicular superimposition
What is the purpose of angling the X-ray beam upward in apical lordotic view
To project anterior structures higher than posterior structures
Which of the following best describes the effect of an upward angled X-ray beam in an apical lordotic chest view
Anterior structures are projected higher than posterior structures
CT numbers (Hounsfield Units) measure
How much of the X-ray beam is absorbed by tissues
What is the purpose of using contrast agents in diagnostic imaging
To improve visualization of organs and tissues by altering attenuation of X-rays or response to ultrasound/MRI
CT scan with contrast is contraindicated in
Allergy to iodine contrast
Which of the following is a contraindication for CT scan
Pregnancy
Barium goes to which part of the stomach if in erect position
Pylorus/lower part of the stomach (because barium settles in dependent part when standing)
CT angiography is used to
Visualize blood vessels non-invasively
CT angiography is commonly used for which of the following
Detecting pulmonary embolism
CT angiography requires the use of
Iodinated intravenous contrast
Which radiological finding is suggestive of bilateral lower limb edema
Bilateral lower limb soft tissue swelling (BLLE)
Which part of the stomach connects to the duodenum
Pyloric portion
On a chest X-ray
what finding is suggestive of lung collapse (atelectasis)
What structure is labeled in this X-ray as the left dome of diaphragm
Left dome of diaphragm
Which is the most common supine view for abdominal imaging
AP supine view
What is the most common supine view of the abdomen
KUB (Kidneys
Abdominal areas are examined using which imaging modality first
Ultrasound
Abdominal X-rays are taken in which views commonly
PA erect and AP supine
Abdominal CT scans are useful for detecting
Abdominal masses and pathology
Mediastinal PA view is used to visualize all of the following except
Joints
Which structure is not assessed in mediastinal PA chest radiography
Joints
WHERE IS THE LOCATION OF AV BUNDLE
Interventricular septum
Which organ is located superior to the liver
Diaphragm
On a CXR PA view
which structures contribute to forming the left heart border
In the supine position
where does the heavy barium settle in the stomach
What is nephroptosis
Downward displacement of the kidney when standing (also called "floating kidney")
What is persistent fetal lobulation
Normal lobulated contour seen after birth
What causes a dromedary hump
Pressure from spleen on left kidney
What is renal agenesis
Complete absence of one or both kidneys
What is a supernumerary kidney
An extra kidney in addition to the normal two
What is the most common renal fusion anomaly
Horseshoe kidney
In an erect position
barium descends into which part of the stomach
Which structure is visible in an abdominal CT scan
Abdominal aorta
Which window is best for visualization of lung parenchyma on CT
Lung window
What is a possible diagnosis when a kidney is absent on imaging
Renal agenesis
Which line represents blood vessels on contrast-enhanced CT
Dense white structures
What condition causes the mediastinum to shift toward the side of opacification on chest imaging
Atelectasis
Which of the following statements is true regarding the positioning of the heart in a PA chest radiograph
The heart is closer to the imaging cassette (minimizes magnification of the heart shadow)
Which kidney is lower and why
Right kidney
Which structure forms the uppermost part of the left mediastinal margin
Aortic knuckle
The primary purpose of using a mediastinal window in a chest CT scan is to visualize
The mediastinal structures
How do you view vessels etc. for a chest X-ray
Lung window
On Chest X-ray
what are landmarks to assess patient's rotation
Which muscle is located medially to the kidneys
Psoas major
What do numbers 7
1
Why is the injected dye called contrast media
Because it lights up the structures
What is the possible diagnosis for mediastinal shift toward opacification
Atelectasis
What appearance do structures have on a normal lordotic chest X-ray
The apex is lower than the clavicles