anatomy exam ch 7 and ch 8

long bone

bones length is longer than its width

short bone

bone that is somewhat cube-shaped and are nearly equal in length and width

flat bone

bone that is generally thin and composed of two nearly parallel plates of compact bone tissue enclosing a thin layer of spongy bone tissue

irregular bone

bone that has complex shapes and cannot be grouped into any of the previous categories

sesamoid bone

bone that develops in certain tendons where there is considerable friction, tension, and physical strain such as the palms and soles

fissure

narrow slit

foramen

opening or hole

fossa

shallow depression

sulcus

grove

meatus

tube-like passageway

condyle

large round surface for smooth articulation surface

facet

slightly concave or convex articulation

head

large round articulation surface supported by the neck of the bone

crest

ridge

epicondyle

roughened project

spinous process

sharp and slender projection

trochanter

very large projection

tubercle

variable sized rounded projection

tuberosity

variably sized projection that is rough

number of bones in cervical curve

7 vertebrae

number of bones in thoracic curve

12 vertebrae

number of bones in lumbar curve

5 vertebrae

number of vertebrae in sacral curve

5 fused vertebrae

secondary curves

cervical and lumbar curves

primary curves

thoracic and sacratel curves

scoliosis

lateral bending of the vertebral column

kyphosis

increase in the thoracic curve of the vertebral column that produces a "hunchback" look

lordosis

an increase in the lumbar curve of the vertebral column

lordosis

an increase in the lumbar curve of the vertebral column

herniated disc

found in lumbar region

difference in false pelvis

wider/rounder in females

difference in pelvic brim

larger and rounder in females

difference in pubic arch

wider in females >90 degrees

difference in greater sciatic notch

wider and shallower in females

difference in pelvic outlet

wider and broader in females